Regulation of juvenile hormone titers in mosquitoes

蚊子保幼激素滴度的调节

• 批准号: 7212241
• 负责人: Fernando Gabriel. Noriega
• 金额: $ 34.26万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-07-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7212241
• 关键词: Regulation; juvenile; hormone; titers; mosquitoes

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Mosquito-transmitted parasitic diseases are among the major causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. Recent dramatic increases in the incidence of mosquito-borne diseases, like malaria and dengue fever, and the wide-spread resistance of mosquitoes to insecticides underscores the need for new approaches to insect control based on mosquito- specific agents. The discovery of such mosquito-specific control agents depends on basic research on the biology of mosquitoes. Juvenile hormone (JH) is a major hormonal regulator in insects. In the female mosquito, JH signals the completion of the ecdysis to the adult stage, and initiates reproductive processes. JH titer is essentially determined by the rate at which the corpora allata (CA) synthesizes JH. The rate of CA activity is, in turn, regulated by allato-regulatory peptides that exert either allatostatic (inhibitory) or allatotropic (stimulatory) activities. During the first three years of this project we have described that allatotropin (AT) stimulates and allatostatin-C (AS-C) inhibits JH synthesis, that nutrients accumulated during the larval stages regulate CA activity, and also performed the first genomic analysis of an insect endocrine gland. Based on this work we propose that AT and AS released by the brain are essential for the activation and modulation of JH synthesis in adult female mosquitoes. The synthesis and release of these peptides is connected to nutritional signals. JH is therefore an important part of a transduction mechanism that connects changes in the nutritional status with activation of specific physiological events during reproduction. The goal of this project is to understand how peptides regulate the synthesis of JH in mosquitoes. The ultimate aim of this project is to reveal how changes in the mosquito's nutritional status are assessed and how this information is transduced to the CA. In order to test this model, in this application we propose to: 1. Investigate the mechanisms of control of JH synthesis by AT and AS-C. 2. Study the nutritional regulation of synthesis and release of AT and AS-C in the brain. Understanding the molecular basis of the physiological action of neuro-peptides will guide us in designing new and affordable agents for vector control.

描述（由申请人提供）：蚊媒寄生虫病是世界上导致死亡和发病的主要原因之一。最近，疟疾和登革热等蚊媒疾病的发病率急剧增加，以及蚊子对杀虫剂的广泛耐药性，都强调需要基于蚊子特异性药剂的新昆虫控制方法。这种蚊子特异性控制剂的发现取决于对蚊子生物学的基础研究。保幼激素（JH）是昆虫的主要激素调节剂。在雌性蚊子中，JH 发出蜕皮完成到成虫阶段的信号，并启动生殖过程。 JH 滴度本质上是由牙体 (CA) 合成 JH 的速率决定的。 CA 活性的速率反过来又受到尿素调节肽的调节，这些肽发挥抑尿素（抑制性）或促尿素（刺激性）活性。在该项目的前三年中，我们描述了促尿素 (AT) 刺激 JH 合成，而尿促素-C (AS-C) 抑制 JH 合成，幼虫阶段积累的营养物质调节 CA 活性，并且还首次对昆虫内分泌腺进行了基因组分析。基于这项工作，我们提出大脑释放的 AT 和 AS 对于成年雌性蚊子 JH 合成的激活和调节至关重要。这些肽的合成和释放与营养信号有关。因此，JH 是将营养状态的变化与繁殖过程中特定生理事件的激活联系起来的转导机制的重要组成部分。该项目的目标是了解肽如何调节蚊子中 JH 的合成。该项目的最终目标是揭示如何评估蚊子营养状况的变化以及如何将这些信息传递给 CA。为了测试这个模型，在这个应用中我们建议： 1. 研究 AT 和 AS-C 控制 JH 合成的机制。 2.研究脑内AT、AS-C合成与释放的营养调节。了解神经肽生理作用的分子基础将指导我们设计新的、经济实惠的病媒控制药物。