Intra-abdominal fat and risk of disease in adolescents

青少年腹内脂肪与疾病风险

• 批准号: 7257785
• 负责人: Michael Isaac Goran
• 金额: $ 51.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-08-01 至 2009-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7257785
• 关键词: Adolescent; Beta Cell; Body Composition; Body Weight decreased; Body fat; California; Carbohydrates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cell physiology; Child; Childhood; Clinical Research; Complex; Consumption; Data; Development; Dietary Fiber; Dietary Intervention; Effectiveness of Interventions; Ethnic group; Exercise; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Fiber; Goals; Grant; Hispanics; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Intake; Intervention; Intra-abdominal; Lipids; Literature; Liver; Los Angeles; Measures; Metabolic; Minority; Modification; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Phase; Population; Prevention; Primary Prevention; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recommendation; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; System; Testing; Thinking; Universities; Visceral; Week; Work; Youth; abdominal fat; base; blood glucose regulation; boys; cardiovascular risk factor; design; diet and exercise; disorder risk; experience; girls; improved; insulin secretion; insulin sensitivity; motivational enhancement therapy; novel; obesity management; programs; strength training; sugar; volunteer

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a revised competing renewal of a grant whose overall historical goal has been to examine the determinants of insulin resistance in children, especially the role of total fat and visceral fat during pubertal development in "high risk" minority children. The overall objective of this renewal is to conduct a randomized controlled study to examine the effects of 16-week exercise and diet interventions on insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and body fat distribution in overweight Hispanic boys and girls (n=80). Subjects will be randomized to: A) Control; B) Strength training; C) Modification of carbohydrate intake; or, D) Strength training + modification of carbohydrate intake. The primary outcomes will include detailed measures at the level of body composition (total lean and fat mass, visceral fat, intramyocellular fat and liver fat) and insulin/glucose regulation (insulin secretion & sensitivity). The hypotheses are: 1) Both interventions will have separate and independent effects on improving insulin resistance; 2) Strength training will improve insulin resistance by re-distribution of body fat (lower visceral fat, intramyocellular lipid and liver fat); 3) Carbohydrate modification will improve insulin resistance and beta-cell function by reducing insulin secretion; and, 4) These effects will be independent of any effects of either intervention on weight loss or loss in whole body fat. We focus on Hispanic children because they are an understudied high-risk population, and they display significant obesity related metabolic abnormalities probably emanating from profound insulin resistance. If our hypotheses are borne out, it will provide evidence for the incorporation of more specific dietary recommendations and strength training in the prevention and management of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk in overweight Hispanic youth.

描述(由申请人提供)：这是一项修订后的竞争性续期补助金，其总体历史目标一直是研究儿童胰岛素抵抗的决定因素，特别是总脂肪和内脏脂肪在青春期发育过程中的作用“高危”少数族裔儿童。这次更新的总体目标是进行一项随机对照研究，以检查16周运动和饮食干预对超重拉美裔男孩和女孩(n=80)的胰岛素敏感性、胰岛素分泌和体脂分布的影响。受试者将被随机分为：A)对照组；B)力量训练；C)改变碳水化合物摄入量；或D)力量训练+改变碳水化合物摄入量。主要结果将包括在身体组成(总瘦肉和脂肪质量、内脏脂肪、肌内脂肪和肝脏脂肪)和胰岛素/血糖调节(胰岛素分泌和敏感性)水平上的详细测量。假设是：1)两种干预措施在改善胰岛素抵抗方面将具有单独和独立的效果；2)力量训练将通过重新分配体内脂肪(较低的内脏脂肪、肌细胞内脂肪和肝脏脂肪)来改善胰岛素抵抗；3)碳水化合物修改将通过减少胰岛素分泌来改善胰岛素抵抗和β细胞功能；以及4)这些效果将独立于任何一种干预措施对减肥或全身脂肪的减少的影响。我们关注拉美裔儿童，因为他们是一个研究不足的高危人群，他们表现出明显的肥胖相关代谢异常，可能源于严重的胰岛素抵抗。如果我们的假设得到证实，将为在超重的西班牙裔青年中纳入更具体的饮食建议和力量训练来预防和管理肥胖、2型糖尿病和心血管风险提供证据。