Warsaw Adolescent Study: A Longitudinal Study on Risk and Resilience

华沙青少年研究：风险与复原力的纵向研究

• 批准号: 7261956
• 负责人: Krzysztof Ostaszewski
• 金额: $ 5.12万
• 依托单位: INSTITUTE OF PSYCHIATRY & NEUROLGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2010-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7261956
• 关键词: 16 year old; Achievement; Address; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Alcohols; Area; Attitude; Behavior; Church; Cigarette; Cognitive; Communities; Country; Democracy; Depth; Developed Countries; Development; Drug usage; Economics; Effectiveness; Evaluation; Health; Intervention; Juvenile Delinquency; Knowledge; Longitudinal Studies; Marketing; Mental Depression; Modeling; Motivation; Neighborhoods; North America; Numbers; Object Attachment; Parents; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Poland; Polishes; Population; Prevention intervention; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Problem behavior; Process; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; School-Age Population; Schools; Self Efficacy; Social support; Subgroup; Testing; Tobacco; Violence; Work; Youth; adolescent substance use; base; bullying; design; drinking; peer; psychologic; psychological distress; psychosocial; resilience; response; sobriety; social; sound; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The aims of the proposed study are to test resiliency theory in a sample of middle school aged Polish youth. Resiliency theory provides a conceptual framework for studying why some youth exposed to risk factors do not develop the negative behaviors they predict. We will examine several risk/promotive factors associated with adolescent problem behaviors including alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use; violence behavior, non- violence delinquency, and school problems. These interrelated behaviors constitute a great risk for healthy development among Polish youth (Mazur & Malkowska 2003). We will focus on several psychosocial factors associated with adolescent development including: participation in meaningful instrumental behavior (e.g. extracurricular activities, church involvement), social influences (e.g. parent and peers support and modeling), cognitive factors (e.g. perceived norms, approval of violence), school motivation and achievement (e.g., bonding, GPA), psychological distress (e.g. depression), neighborhood context (e.g. violence in neighborhood). Our longitudinal design will be especially critical because it will permit analyses of resiliency processes during three middle school years and provide critical information for the development of evidence- based prevention programs interventions for adolescents. This project addresses a major public health problem for Polish population as well as other industrialized countries. Poland continues to be in a transition to a market economy and democracy. This period of transition has had a strong effect on health compromising behaviors among youth population. A significant increase in youth substance use including alcohol, cigarettes and illegal drugs (CBOS 2003, Sierostawski & Zielinski 2000, Mazur et al. 2003), juvenile delinquency (Kirwil 2003), and school violent behavior including psychological and physical bullying (Mazur & Malkowska 2003) has been documented in Poland. In response to these growing problems, a number of prevention programs have been implemented in Poland over the last 10 years. Most of the prevention programs, however, are not theoretically or empirically informed. The proposed study will be especially useful to develop locally relevant and culturally sensitive interventions that also focus on assets and strengths instead working solely to reduce or eliminate risks.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的目的是在波兰中学生样本中测试弹性理论。弹性理论提供了一个概念框架，用于研究为什么一些暴露于风险因素的青少年没有发展出他们预测的负面行为。我们将研究与青少年问题行为相关的几个风险/促进因素，包括酗酒、吸烟和其他药物使用；暴力行为、非暴力犯罪和学校问题。这些相互关联的行为对波兰青年的健康发展构成了巨大风险（Mazur & Malkowska 2003）。我们将重点关注与青少年发展相关的几个心理社会因素，包括：参与有意义的工具性行为（例如课外活动、教会参与）、社会影响（例如父母和同龄人的支持和榜样）、认知因素（例如感知规范、对暴力的认可）、学校动机和成就（例如感情、GPA）、心理困扰（例如抑郁）、邻里环境（例如家庭环境）。 邻里暴力）。我们的纵向设计尤其重要，因为它将允许对三个中学时期的弹性过程进行分析，并为制定青少年循证预防计划干预措施提供关键信息。该项目解决了波兰人民以及其他工业化国家的一个主要公共卫生问题。波兰继续向市场经济和民主过渡。这一过渡时期对年轻人中危害健康的行为产生了强烈影响。据记录，波兰青少年的药物使用显着增加，包括酒精、香烟和非法药物（CBOS 2003，Sierostawski & Zielinski 2000，Mazur et al. 2003）、青少年犯罪（Kirwil 2003）以及包括心理和身体欺凌在内的校园暴力行为（Mazur & Malkowska 2003）。为了应对这些日益严重的问题，过去十年来波兰实施了许多预防计划。然而，大多数预防计划都缺乏理论或经验依据。拟议的研究对于制定与当地相关且文化敏感的干预措施特别有用，这些干预措施也关注资产和优势，而不是仅仅致力于减少或消除风险。