Warsaw Adolescent Study: A Longitudinal Study on Risk and Resilience

华沙青少年研究：风险与复原力的纵向研究

• 批准号: 7126252
• 负责人: Krzysztof Ostaszewski
• 金额: $ 5.27万
• 依托单位: INSTITUTE OF PSYCHIATRY & NEUROLGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2010-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7126252
• 关键词: alcohols; behavior; clinical research; prevention; schools; tobacco; violence

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The aims of the proposed study are to test resiliency theory in a sample of middle school aged Polish youth. Resiliency theory provides a conceptual framework for studying why some youth exposed to risk factors do not develop the negative behaviors they predict. We will examine several risk/promotive factors associated with adolescent problem behaviors including alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use; violence behavior, non- violence delinquency, and school problems. These interrelated behaviors constitute a great risk for healthy development among Polish youth (Mazur & Malkowska 2003). We will focus on several psychosocial factors associated with adolescent development including: participation in meaningful instrumental behavior (e.g. extracurricular activities, church involvement), social influences (e.g. parent and peers support and modeling), cognitive factors (e.g. perceived norms, approval of violence), school motivation and achievement (e.g., bonding, GPA), psychological distress (e.g. depression), neighborhood context (e.g. violence in neighborhood). Our longitudinal design will be especially critical because it will permit analyses of resiliency processes during three middle school years and provide critical information for the development of evidence- based prevention programs interventions for adolescents. This project addresses a major public health problem for Polish population as well as other industrialized countries. Poland continues to be in a transition to a market economy and democracy. This period of transition has had a strong effect on health compromising behaviors among youth population. A significant increase in youth substance use including alcohol, cigarettes and illegal drugs (CBOS 2003, Sierostawski & Zielinski 2000, Mazur et al. 2003), juvenile delinquency (Kirwil 2003), and school violent behavior including psychological and physical bullying (Mazur & Malkowska 2003) has been documented in Poland. In response to these growing problems, a number of prevention programs have been implemented in Poland over the last 10 years. Most of the prevention programs, however, are not theoretically or empirically informed. The proposed study will be especially useful to develop locally relevant and culturally sensitive interventions that also focus on assets and strengths instead working solely to reduce or eliminate risks.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目的是在波兰中学生样本中测试弹性理论。弹性理论提供了一个概念框架来研究为什么一些暴露于风险因素的年轻人没有发展出他们预测的消极行为。我们将研究与青少年问题行为相关的几个风险/促进因素，包括酒精、烟草和其他药物使用；暴力行为，非暴力犯罪和学校问题。这些相互关联的行为构成了波兰青年健康发展的巨大风险（Mazur & Malkowska， 2003年）。我们将重点关注与青少年发展相关的几个社会心理因素，包括：参与有意义的工具性行为（如课外活动，教会参与），社会影响（如父母和同伴的支持和建模），认知因素（如感知规范，对暴力的认可），学校动机和成就（如纽带，GPA），心理困扰（如抑郁），社区环境（如社区暴力）。我们的纵向设计将是特别重要的，因为它将允许分析三个中学阶段的恢复过程，并为基于证据的青少年预防计划干预的发展提供关键信息。该项目解决了波兰和其他工业化国家人口面临的一个重大公共卫生问题。波兰继续处于向市场经济和民主过渡的阶段。这一过渡时期对青年人口中的危害健康行为产生了强烈影响。据记载，波兰的青少年物质使用（包括酒精、香烟和非法毒品）（CBOS 2003年，Sierostawski & Zielinski 2000年，Mazur et al. 2003年）、青少年犯罪（Kirwil 2003年）以及包括心理和身体欺凌在内的学校暴力行为（Mazur & Malkowska 2003年）显著增加。为了应对这些日益严重的问题，波兰在过去10年中实施了一系列预防方案。然而，大多数预防项目都缺乏理论或经验依据。拟议的研究将特别有助于制定与当地有关和对文化敏感的干预措施，这些干预措施也注重资产和优势，而不是仅仅致力于减少或消除风险。