Full Head, High Density Functional Diffuse Optical Tomography

全头高密度功能性漫反射光学断层扫描

• 批准号: 7209359
• 负责人: JOSEPH P CULVER
• 金额: $ 20.22万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-02-01 至 2009-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7209359
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Algorithms; Anatomic Models; Animals; Auditory; Behavioral; Behavioral Paradigm; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain imaging; Breast; Cerebral hemisphere; Child; Childhood; Computer software; Count; Data; Depth; Detection; Development; Diffuse; Discrimination; Disease; Elements; Environment; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Grant; Head; Human; Human Development; Image; Implant; Infant; Intensive Care; Intensive Care Units; Language; Lateral; Light; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetoencephalography; Maps; Metals; Methodology; Methods; Modality; Neocortex; Neurosciences; Noise; Numbers; Optics; Patients; Performance; Peripheral; Personal Satisfaction; Photic Stimulation; Physiological; Placement; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radioisotopes; Range; Recruitment Activity; Regression Analysis; Reporting; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rest; Rodent; Scalp structure; Sedation procedure; Signal Transduction; Site; Source; Stimulus; Structure; Surface; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Tube; age group; base; comparative; comparison group; cranium; density; diffuse optical tomography; digital; hemodynamics; improved; instrumentation; interest; language processing; literacy; literate; neuroimaging; novel; optical imaging; programs; reconstruction; relating to nervous system; response; simulation; skills; tomography; visual motor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is an emerging imaging methodology for mapping human brain function. In contrast to positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which use large scanners and require the subject to remain immobile inside a tube, DOT employs a wearable imaging cap. The DOT cap is well-suited for several situations not amenable to fixed scanner environments including imaging moving subjects who might otherwise require sedation, immovable subjects, such as patients in intensive care, and subjects with metal implants. The cap also has great potential for studies of human development in children that would benefit from enriched environments for a wider range of behavioral paradigms. DOT approaches have a number of potential benefits over previous optical approaches, including volumetric localization, quantitative imaging, and better discrimination of cortical signals from scalp and skull. The results of imaging human breast and small animals with DOT suggest a resolution of <1 cm resolution is possible on the peripheral cortex in adult humans, better still in infants and young children. However extension of DOT methods to application in mapping human brain function is difficult In this grant, we will address instrumentation challenges related to high-density, full-coverage imaging arrays and develop a new functional DOT system (DOT) for human brain activity (Aim 1). Complementary algorithms will be developed for reporting functional brain maps in a common coordinate system and for improving the contrast to background of stimulated brain signals (Aim 2). Feasibility will be established with comparative fMRI/DOT studies of human adults and children during rest and during visual, motor, auditory, and language tasks (Aim 3). Successful development of these new DOT methods will significantly enhance the image quality and reliability of DOT functional maps and increase the utility and impact of DOT for a wider variety of neuroscience applications. If the methods and experimental tasks developed in this proposal are successful, they will drive a larger program to include developmental studies such as literacy-related skills in younger, pre-literate children as well as in children with atypical development of such skills.

描述（由申请人提供）：漫射光学断层扫描（DOT）是一种新兴的成像方法，用于绘制人类大脑功能。正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和磁共振成像（MRI）使用大型扫描仪，并要求受试者在管中保持不动，与之相反，DOT采用可穿戴成像帽。DOT帽非常适合几种不适合固定扫描仪环境的情况，包括成像可能需要镇静的移动受试者，固定受试者，如重症监护患者，以及金属植入物的受试者。这一上限对于儿童人类发展的研究也有很大的潜力，这将受益于更广泛的行为范式的丰富环境。与以前的光学方法相比，DOT方法具有许多潜在的优点，包括体积定位，定量成像，以及更好地区分来自头皮和颅骨的皮质信号。用DOT成像人类乳房和小动物的结果表明，成年人的外周皮层分辨率<1厘米是可能的，婴儿和幼儿的分辨率更好。然而，将DOT方法扩展到人脑功能测绘的应用是困难的。在这项资助中，我们将解决与高密度、全覆盖成像阵列相关的仪器挑战，并开发一种新的功能性DOT系统（DOT）用于人脑活动（目标1）。补充算法将被开发用于在一个共同的坐标系统中报告功能性脑图，并用于改善受刺激的脑信号与背景的对比度（目标2）。可行性将通过成人和儿童在休息和视觉、运动、听觉和语言任务期间的fMRI/DOT对比研究来确定（目标3）。这些新的DOT方法的成功开发将显著提高DOT功能图的图像质量和可靠性，并增加DOT在更广泛的神经科学应用中的效用和影响。如果在这个提议中开发的方法和实验任务是成功的，他们将推动一个更大的项目，包括发展研究，如识字相关的技能在年轻的，未识字的儿童以及具有这种技能非典型发展的儿童中。