Social Relationships and Cardiovascular Health: An Examination of Mechanisms

社会关系和心血管健康：机制研究

• 批准号: 7256757
• 负责人: Bert N. Uchino
• 金额: $ 29.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-05-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7256757
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Behavioral; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Physiology; Cardiovascular system; Cause of Death; Class; Cognitive; Couples; Daily; Data; Disease Outcome; Disruption; Finches; Glass; Health; Health behavior; Housing; Immunologic Markers; Individual; Inflammation; Joints; Laboratories; Life; Link; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Older Population; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Perception; Persons; Physiological; Population; Process; Protocols documentation; Provider; Rate; Recovery; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Social Network; Social support; Source; Stress; Testing; Work; acute stress; base; cardiovascular disorder risk; diaries; mortality; programs; psychologic; response; social; therapy design

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Social relationships have been reliably related to lower cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Most of this research has been interpreted as reflecting the beneficial influences of social support. However, the joint contribution of positive and negative aspects of relationships in the context of support processes has hot been adequately considered. In addition, little is known of the mechanisms linking relationships to cardiovascular outcomes. In the present research we propose a conceptual model that makes salient the separability of positive and negative aspects of relationships during support. This framework suggests that an individual's social support network can be heuristically classified as sources of positivity (i.e., support), negativity (i.e., aversion), or both positivity and negativity (i.e., ambivalence). This framework, combined with existing relationships and health models, makes salient mechanisms linking relationships to health at different levels of analysis. Thus, the major aims of this application are to (a) examine the utility of this model for analyzing the health effects of relationships, and (b) to elucidate basic psychological, behavioral, and physiological mechanisms linking relationships to cardiovascular outcomes. We pursue these aims in five integrative studies. In three studies, we investigate the links between differing relationships and cardiovascular reactivity and recovery in response to acute stress by utilizing social-cognitive paradigms that (a) manipulate perceptions of relationship quality and (b) disrupt or activate psychological processes associated with existing relationships. A fourth study will address the generalizability of these lab-based protocols by testing the association between social relationships and daily life ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) following work in married couples. A final study will examine the links between relationships and recent immune markers of inflammation that confer increased risk for cardiovascular disease in an older, more health-relevant population of married couples. All of the above studies will assess basic mechanisms to help elucidate the processes by which relationships may influence cardiovascular function in each paradigm. Importantly, our preliminary research provides evidence for the feasibility and potential of the proposed research.

描述（由申请人提供）：社会关系与较低的心血管发病率和死亡率确实相关。大多数研究被解释为反映了社会支持的有益影响。然而，在支持过程的背景下，关系的积极和消极方面的共同贡献已得到充分考虑。此外，人们对心血管结局关系的机制知之甚少。在本研究中，我们提出了一个概念模型，该模型突出了支持期间关系的积极和消极方面的可分离性。该框架表明，个人的社会支持网络可以启发式地分为积极性（即支持）、消极性（即厌恶）或积极性和消极性（即矛盾）的来源。该框架与现有的关系和健康模型相结合，形成了在不同分析层面将关系与健康联系起来的显着机制。因此，该应用程序的主要目的是（a）检查该模型在分析关系对健康影响方面的实用性，以及（b）阐明将关系与心血管结果联系起来的基本心理、行为和生理机制。我们通过五项综合研究来实现这些目标。在三项研究中，我们利用社会认知范式研究了不同关系与心血管反应性和急性压力恢复之间的联系，这些范式（a）操纵对关系质量的看法和（b）破坏或激活与现有关系相关的心理过程。第四项研究将通过测试已婚夫妇工作后的社会关系与日常生活动态血压 (ABP) 之间的关联来解决这些基于实验室的方案的普遍性。最后一项研究将探讨关系与近期炎症免疫标志物之间的联系，这些炎症标志物会增加老年、与健康相关的已婚夫妇患心血管疾病的风险。所有上述研究都将评估基本机制，以帮助阐明每个范式中关系可能影响心血管功能的过程。重要的是，我们的初步研究为拟议研究的可行性和潜力提供了证据。