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Cognitive and Emotional Processes in Decision-Making

决策中的认知和情感过程

基本信息

批准号：
7254234
负责人：
ALAN SANFEY
金额：
$ 7.33万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-07-01 至 2009-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7254234
关键词：
Address Affect Behavior Behavioral Research Brain Cognition Cognitive Conflict (Psychology)Data Decision Making Decision Modeling Depth Disease Economic Models Economics Emotional Emotions Event Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Funding Future Goals Grant Human Knowledge Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures Mental disorders Methods Monitor Neurobiology Neurologic Numbers Participant Patients Pattern Persons Play Process Relative (related person)Research Research Personnel Rewards Role Series Social Interaction Solutions Specific qualifier value Standards of Weights and Measures Structure Sum System Techniques Testing Theoretical model To specify Twin Multiple Birth Utility Theories Variant Work emotional factor experience interest neuroeconomics neuroimaging psychologic relating to nervous system research study response social

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project proposes a series of experiments that will contribute to the burgeoning field of neuroeconomics, which attempts understand the component processes of decision-making by examining both behavior and the underlying neural substrates. The proposed studies seek to begin specifying the mechanisms of decisions, in particular the cognitive and emotional components that make up the decision-making process. Emotional influences on decision-making have been largely ignored for many years, but recent interest in how our emotional states can affect the type of decisions we make offer an exciting opportunity to broaden our knowledge of this most important process. Specifically, the proposed experiments will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure brain function of people engaged in economic decision- making. This proposal builds on previous work by the author examining the cognitive and emotional processes underlying human decision-making. In a prior study, we found reliable, independent patterns of neural activity corresponding to emotional and cognitive biases in a well-studied task of economic decision- making known as the Ultimatum Game. In this game, participants are placed in a consequential social interaction with another person, and decisions are made which correspond to emotional or cognitive motives. In the present proposal, hypotheses generated in this previous study will be systematically tested, and pilot data generated for future research submissions. The degree to which emotion and cognition affect decisions will be explored in greater depth, via the use of variants of the Ultimatum Game and fMRI. This research will also have broader implications for assessment and treatment of, neurological and psychiatric disorders that are often accompanied by poor decision-making abilities. A fuller understanding of the processes and structures involved in normal decision-making may greatly help characterize the decision-making deficits of patients suffering from these disorders and suggest avenues for the future treatment.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目提出了一系列实验，这些实验将有助于神经经济学的新兴领域，该领域试图通过检查行为和潜在的神经基质来理解决策的组成过程。拟议的研究试图开始详细说明决策机制，特别是构成决策过程的认知和情感成分。多年来，情绪对决策的影响在很大程度上被忽视，但最近人们对情绪状态如何影响我们做出的决策类型的兴趣提供了一个令人兴奋的机会，可以拓宽我们对这一最重要过程的了解。具体来说，拟议的实验将使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）来测量参与经济决策的人的大脑功能。 This proposal builds on previous work by the author examining the cognitive and emotional processes underlying human decision-making.在之前的一项研究中，我们在一项经过充分研究的经济决策任务（称为“最后通牒博弈”）中发现了与情绪和认知偏差相对应的可靠、独立的神经活动模式。在这个游戏中，参与者与另一个人进行相应的社交互动，并做出与情感或认知动机相对应的决定。在本提案中，将系统地测试先前研究中产生的假设，并为未来的研究提交生成试点数据。通过使用最后通牒游戏和功能磁共振成像的变体，我们将更深入地探讨情绪和认知对决策的影响程度。这项研究还将对通常伴有决策能力差的神经和精神疾病的评估和治疗产生更广泛的影响。更全面地了解正常决策所涉及的过程和结构可能会极大地帮助描述患有这些疾病的患者的决策缺陷，并为未来的治疗提出途径。