European Television Representations of Islam as Security Threat: A Comparative Analysis

欧洲电视将伊斯兰教视为安全威胁：比较分析

• 批准号: AH/D001722/2
• 负责人: Stephen Hutchings
• 金额: $ 53.33万
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FD001722%2F2
• 关键词: European; Television; Representations; Islam; Security

Nature and context of the projectThis three-year project offers the first cross-national study of televisual representations of Islam as security threat. It examines three countries (Britain, France and Russia) which share similarities in their postcolonial relations with Islamic states, resident Muslim populations, and concern with the 'war on terror', but also exhibit differences of media and political cultures, international alignments, and policy towards Muslim minorities. Theory and methodThe study combines insights from media/cultural and political research. (i) Any pluralistic political culture is subject to ideological competition for domination of political language and public policy. To compare the political/social values and assumptions underpinning the framing of the Islam/security issue in each of the three countries, the project draws on recent advances in the theorisation of ideologies as distinctive, evolving configurations of concepts which can be grouped by family resemblance but also analysed in terms of local variation within each group.(ii) Academic literature on political communication (the interface of politics and the media) provides tools to analyse the intersection between ideological and technical factors shaping representations of the Islam/security issue through editorial choices (of inclusion/exclusion, running order, duration and salience), alongside journalists' news values and news-gathering practices, in relation to the structures and resources of the news organizations involved. (iii) Analysis of how the media communicate ideologically coloured understandings of the issue requires attention to the verbal dimension in the light of discourse-sensitive, media studies models of the relationship between language, legitimacy and power. This will enable scrutiny of how different 'voices' on the subject of Islam/security are assimilated into the broadcasts' discursive structure. (iv) Since the visual impact of broadcasters' choices is essential to the representation of Islamic/security concerns, text-based approaches will be complemented by those dealing with screen media-specific codes, alongside models of the word/image interplay which structures TV messages. ObjectivesThe project will (i) differentiate French, British and Russian television representations of the Islamic dimension to the 'War on Terror'; (ii) examine how security issues link with immigration and integration questions; (iii) analyse the relationship between the 'War on Terror' and the assertion of national identities; (iv) compare the ideological systems underlying the framing of a key issue; (v) set out a methodological synthesis combining recent developments in political theory of ideology with cultural studies approaches to media representations.Specifically, it will examine where the respective broadcasts position the nations whose official voices they articulate within the 'geopolitical space' in which the 'War on Terror' is unfolding. It will establish how images of 'terrorists', 'ethnic minorities' and 'Muslim Fundamentalists' are produced and linked within the different representational regimes and how they reflect historical and current relationships with Islamic cultures. Execution and applicationsThe data sources are news broadcasts on the three principal public channels. The proposers bring complementary expertise, not only in their disciplinary approaches, but also in their experience of researching related fields and their knowledge of the societies under investigation, including competence in the relevant languages. Their work will be supported by two research officers, operating bilingually in French-English and Russian-English, to monitor, and help analyse, the broadcasts, and to contribute to the dissemination of findings. The publications will promote understanding of the political/cultural construction of meanings attributed to a threat currently preoccupying Europe.

项目的性质和背景这个为期三年的项目首次对伊斯兰教作为安全威胁的电视表现进行了跨国研究。它考察了三个国家（英国、法国和俄罗斯），这三个国家在与伊斯兰国家的后殖民关系、居住的穆斯林人口以及对“反恐战争”的关注方面有相似之处，但也表现出媒体和政治文化、国际联盟以及对穆斯林少数民族的政策的差异。该研究结合了媒体/文化和政治研究的见解。(i)任何多元化的政治文化都受到政治语言和公共政策支配的意识形态竞争。为了比较三个国家中支撑伊斯兰/安全问题框架的政治/社会价值观和假设，该项目借鉴了意识形态理论化的最新进展，将其作为独特的、不断发展的概念配置，这些概念可以按家族相似性分组，但也可以根据每个群体内的地方差异进行分析。关于政治传播（政治和媒体的界面）的学术文献提供了工具来分析通过编辑选择（包括/排除、运行顺序、持续时间和突出）以及记者的新闻价值观和新闻收集实践与所涉及的新闻机构的结构和资源有关，形成对伊斯兰/安全问题的表述的意识形态和技术因素之间的交集。（三）分析媒体如何传播带有意识形态色彩的对这一问题的理解，需要根据话语敏感、媒体研究语言、合法性和权力之间关系的模式，注意语言层面。这将使人们能够仔细观察关于伊斯兰/安全主题的不同“声音”如何被同化到广播的话语结构中。由于广播员选择的视觉影响对反映伊斯兰/安全问题至关重要，以文字为基础的方法将由处理屏幕媒体特定代码的方法以及构成电视信息的文字/图像相互作用模型加以补充。该项目将(i)区分法国、英国和俄罗斯电视对伊斯兰维度的表述与“反恐战争”；（ii）研究安全问题如何与移民和融合问题联系起来；（iii）分析“反恐战争”与国家认同主张之间的关系；（iv）比较构成关键问题框架的意识形态体系；将意识形态政治理论的最新发展与媒体表征的文化研究方法结合起来，提出一种方法综合。具体来说，它将研究各自的广播在“反恐战争”展开的“地缘政治空间”中所表达的官方声音的国家的位置。它将建立“恐怖分子”、“少数民族”和“穆斯林原教旨主义者”的形象如何在不同的代表性政权中产生和联系，以及它们如何反映历史和当前与伊斯兰文化的关系。数据来源为三个主要公共频道的新闻广播。申请人不仅在学科方法方面，而且在研究相关领域的经验和对所调查社会的知识（包括相关语言的能力）方面具有互补的专长。他们的工作将得到两名研究干事的支助，以法语-英语和俄语-英语双语进行工作，以监测和帮助分析广播，并协助传播调查结果。这些出版物将促进对当前困扰欧洲的威胁的政治/文化含义的理解。