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Characteristics of perfusion related cortical signals

灌注相关皮层信号的特征

基本信息

批准号：
7032238
负责人：
ARTHUR W TOGA
金额：
$ 33.32万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1995-09-30 至 2009-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7032238
关键词：
Affect Animals Attention Base of the Brain Behavioral Paradigm Blood Vessels Blood flow Brain Brain Mapping Cerebrum Characteristics Condition Coupling Depth Development Disease Dyes Electroencephalography Electrophysiology (science)Event Evoked Potentials Evolution Fluorescent Dyes Functional Imaging Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Grant Health Hemoglobin Human Image Individual Knowledge Localized Magnetic Resonance Imaging Maps Measures Mediating Mediator of activation protein Metabolic Metabolism Methods Migraine Modality Nature Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Neurons Nitric Oxide Nitric Oxide Synthase Numbers Optical Tomography Optics Oxides Pathologic Perfusion Peripheral Physiological Play Positron-Emission Tomography Production Research Rodent Role Seizures Series Signal Transduction Somatosensory Evoked Potentials Source Spectrophotometry Spectrum Analysis Spreading Cortical Depression Stimulus Techniques Time age group arteriole base deoxyhemoglobin experience hemodynamics human subject image registration infrared spectroscopy inhibitor/antagonist neuroimaging optical imaging programs relating to nervous system research study response sensory system trend venule

项目摘要

Functional activation studies in health and disease often depend upon perfusion related signals to localize the source of brain activity. The goal of this proposal is to investigate perfusion related signals measured using Optical Intrinsic Signals (OIS), Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and Electroencephalography (EEG) during a variety of stimulus conditions. The application of different neuroimaging techniques in both animals and humans will provide a comprehensive view of the timing, distribution and capacities of these perfusion related signals and how perfusion related signals from different modalities relate. We will perform functional activation studies using OIS (multispectral and single wavelength), NIRS, fMRI, fluorescent dyes and electrical measures, to determine the relationship in space and time between these perfusion dependent, and evoked potential maps. The proposed experiments will provide a better understanding of the cascade of events collectively called the hemodynamic response. We will do this in different sensory systems of rodents and humans using a variety of stimulus and behavioral paradigms. In humans, perfusion related signals obtained using OIS and electrophysiologic methods intraoperatively will be compared with NIRS and fMRI in the same subjects. In both species, maps and the temporal profile of responses obtained from each modality will be compared within and across subjects following image registration. The proposed studies will begin with investigating the role of nitric oxide (NO) in mediating perfusion related responses. We will also characterize the nature of functional hemoglobin changes following functional activation using optical spectroscopy. Having characterized the normal characteristics of functional perfusion related responses, we will then determine how perfusion related signals are affected by various challenges (including seizure, cortical spreading depression, development, and experience- dependent plasticity). Finally, we will investigate and compare the relationship between perfusion related signals across multiple modalities. This proposal is a natural extension to our active grant where the focus was to characterize the basic temporal and spatial characteristics of optical signal responses to peripheral somesthetic stimulation. Since the coupling of brain function to cerebral perfusion provides the basis for a number of functional neuroimaging techniques, a precise knowledge of the specific underlying physiological mechanisms and their characteristics is essential. The experiments described here will help us achieve that goal.

健康和疾病的功能激活研究往往依赖于灌注相关信号来定位脑活动的来源。本提案的目的是研究在各种刺激条件下使用光学本征信号（OIS），近红外光谱（NIRS），功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和脑电图（EEG）测量的灌注相关信号。不同的神经成像技术在动物和人类中的应用将提供这些灌注相关信号的时间、分布和能力的全面视图，以及来自不同模式的灌注相关信号如何相互关联。我们将使用OIS（多光谱和单波长）、近红外光谱（NIRS）、功能磁共振成像（fMRI）、荧光染料和电测量进行功能激活研究，以确定这些灌注依赖性和诱发电位图之间的空间和时间关系。提出的实验将提供一个更好的理解级联事件统称为血流动力学反应。我们将在啮齿类动物和人类的不同感觉系统中使用各种刺激和行为范式来做这个实验。在人类中，术中使用OIS和电生理方法获得的灌注相关信号将与同一受试者的NIRS和fMRI进行比较。在这两个物种中，将在图像配准后比较从每种模式获得的响应的地图和时间概况。拟议的研究将从研究一氧化氮（NO）在介导灌注相关反应中的作用开始。我们还将利用光谱学表征功能激活后功能性血红蛋白变化的性质。在描述了功能性灌注相关反应的正常特征之后，我们将确定灌注相关信号如何受到各种挑战（包括癫痫发作、皮质扩张性抑制、发育和经验依赖的可塑性）的影响。最后，我们将研究和比较不同模式下灌注相关信号之间的关系。这一提议是对我们的积极资助的自然延伸，该资助的重点是表征外周躯体刺激下光信号响应的基本时间和空间特征。由于脑功能与脑灌注的耦合为许多功能性神经成像技术提供了基础，因此对特定潜在生理机制及其特征的精确了解是必不可少的。这里描述的实验将帮助我们实现这一目标。