Emotions and Feelings in Psychiatric Illness

精神疾病中的情绪和感受

• 批准号: AH/G002843/1
• 负责人: Matthew Ratcliffe
• 金额: $ 6.13万
• 依托单位: Durham University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2008 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FG002843%2F1
• 关键词: Emotions; Feelings; Psychiatric; Illness

A recent resurgence of interest in emotion amongst philosophers has paralleled the explosion of work on emotions in psychology and neuroscience. Great advances have also been made regarding the part played by emotion in psychiatric illnesses. However, there is a paucity of interdisciplinary work on emotion. Some recent philosophical work has been informed and inspired by the findings of psychologists and neuroscientists. Yet relatively little of this work has considered psychopathologies of emotion in any detail. Some psychologists and neuroscientists studying emotion have been drawing ideas and conceptual frameworks from philosophers. But there has been little interaction between psychiatrists and philosophers on this topic.Interdisciplinary work on emotion has been enormously beneficial to all concerned and has led to greater understanding of the nature of emotions. In addition, a conceptual repertoire has been constructed that is to a certain extent shared. Issues that have been addressed include the relationship between feeling and emotion, the bodily processes involved in emotion, the functions of emotion and the relationship between cognitive and non-cognitive dimensions of emotion. Despite these fruitful interdisciplinary exchanges, there are still many disagreements between researchers in the different disciplines and there is much to be learned about the nature and roles of emotion. For example, there is a strong tradition in both philosophy and psychology that emphasises the cognitive aspects of emotion, whilst recent work in neuroscience emphasises a conception of emotion that ascribes greater significance to bodily, affective responses. However, recent work in psychiatry indicates that bodily feelings are not merely perceptions of bodily states; they are also integral to experiences of entities outside of the body, including people. There is also some debate as to what is meant by these various terms, and different researchers sometimes use them in different ways. Whilst philosophers speak of 'cognition' and 'feeling', for example, psychologists tend to refer to 'appraisal' and 'affect'.A survey of the psychiatric literature suggests emotions have all sorts of roles that have not been adequately addressed by philosophers and psychologists. For example, emotions play a role in the recognition of familiar people, give us a sense of others as 'people', provide a sense of reality and familiarity, constitute both a sense of self and the self/non-self boundary, organise our experience in terms of practical purposes and structure our thinking. Psychiatry will also benefit from further interaction with philosophers and psychologists, for there is a lack of clarity in the psychiatric literature as to what emotions actually are. Hence the analytic tools, concepts, methods and empirical data accumulated by philosophers and psychologists comprise a valuable resource for conceptual clarification and refinement of empirical claims in psychiatry.Thus the investigators propose a series of workshops, involving philosophers, psychologists and psychiatrists, which will foster fresh dialogue, lead to significant and original research publications and serve as the basis for an enduring research network. The premise of our project is that the developing body of ongoing interdisciplinary research will be enhanced considerably by greater collaboration between philosophers, psychiatrists, and psychologists. Specifically, the proposed interdisciplinary project aims to cast new light on the nature and role of emotion and feeling. Questions to be examined include: What are emotions? What are emotional feelings? How can the study of pathological feelings elucidate the nature of 'normal' feelings and vice versa? What is the relationship between bodily feelings and emotional states? How and when do we become aware of our emotions? To what extent can we control our emotions, and how? How do others' emotions affect our own?

最近，哲学家们对情绪的兴趣重新抬头，这使得心理学和神经科学中关于情绪的研究激增。关于情绪在精神疾病中所起的作用，也取得了很大的进展。然而，关于情绪的跨学科研究却非常缺乏。最近的一些哲学著作受到心理学家和神经科学家的发现的启发。然而，相对而言，这方面的工作很少考虑情绪的精神病理学的任何细节。一些研究情绪的心理学家和神经科学家一直在从哲学家那里汲取思想和概念框架。但是，精神病学家和哲学家在这个问题上的互动很少，跨学科的情绪研究对所有相关人员都有巨大的好处，并使人们对情绪的本质有了更深入的理解。此外，还建立了一个概念库，在一定程度上共享。已经解决的问题包括感觉和情绪之间的关系，情绪中涉及的身体过程，情绪的功能以及情绪的认知和非认知维度之间的关系。尽管这些富有成效的跨学科交流，仍然有许多分歧的研究人员在不同的学科和有很多要了解的性质和作用的情绪。例如，哲学和心理学都有一个强大的传统，即强调情绪的认知方面，而最近神经科学的工作强调情绪的概念，认为身体的情感反应更重要。然而，最近的精神病学研究表明，身体感受不仅仅是对身体状态的感知;它们也是身体以外实体（包括人）的体验的组成部分。关于这些不同术语的含义也有一些争论，不同的研究人员有时会以不同的方式使用它们。例如，当哲学家谈到“认知”和“感觉”时，心理学家倾向于提到“评价”和“情感”。对精神病学文献的调查表明，情绪有各种各样的作用，哲学家和心理学家还没有充分解决。例如，情绪在识别熟悉的人方面发挥作用，给我们一种将他人视为“人”的感觉，提供一种现实感和熟悉感，构成自我感和自我/非自我边界，根据实际目的组织我们的经验并构建我们的思维。精神病学也将从与哲学家和心理学家的进一步互动中受益，因为在精神病学文献中缺乏关于情绪实际上是什么的明确性。因此，哲学家和心理学家积累的分析工具、概念、方法和经验数据构成了精神病学中概念澄清和经验主张提炼的宝贵资源。因此，研究人员提出了一系列研讨会，涉及哲学家、心理学家和精神病学家，这将促进新的对话，导致重要的和原创的研究出版物，并作为一个持久的研究网络的基础。我们项目的前提是，正在进行的跨学科研究的发展机构将大大加强哲学家，精神病学家和心理学家之间的合作。具体而言，拟议的跨学科项目旨在对情感和感觉的性质和作用进行新的阐述。要研究的问题包括：什么是情绪？什么是情绪感受？对病理感受的研究如何阐明“正常”感受的本质，反之亦然？身体感受和情绪状态之间的关系是什么？我们如何以及何时意识到自己的情绪？我们能在多大程度上控制自己的情绪，以及如何控制？别人的情绪如何影响我们自己？

项目成果

Emotion Review'.

情感回顾”。

• 作者: Alan Felstead (Author)