Low Cost Co-Doped Scintillator for Medical CT

用于医疗 CT 的低成本共掺杂闪烁体

• 批准号: 7481730
• 负责人: MICHAEL R. SQUILLANTE
• 金额: $ 49.89万
• 依托单位: RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7481730
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Animals; Anticoagulation; Arts; Bathing; Berry; Biocompatible Materials; Blood; Blood Platelets; Blood and Blood Products; Caliber; Catheters; Ceramics; Characteristics; Chemicals; Chronic; Coagulation Process; Color; Communities; Complex; Condition; Connecticut; Cost Savings; Data; Data Analyses; Data Reporting; Development; Devices; Diagnostic; Diagnostic radiologic examination; Dimensions; Discipline of Nuclear Medicine; Dose; Dose-Rate; Drug Formulations; Due Process; Elements; Engineering; Ensure; Equipment; Evaluation; Exposure to; Film; Foundations; France; Funding; Gamma Rays; Goals; Government; Growth; Hand; Healthcare; Hemodialysis; Hemorrhage; Image; Implantable Injection/Infusion Ports; In Vitro; Inpatients; Intervention; Investments; Ions; Joints; Kinetics; Lead; Left; Letters; Life; Light; Manufacturer Name; Marketing; Measurement; Mechanics; Medical; Medical Imaging; Medicine; Melanocytic nevus; Modality; Modeling; Modification; Mole the mammal; Morbidity - disease rate; Nature; Nephrology; Noise; Numbers; Operative Surgical Procedures; Optics; Oral; Outcome; Output; Patients; Performance; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Photons; Physiologic pulse; Plastics; Play; Positron-Emission Tomography; Probability; Process; Production; Property; Publications; Pulse taking; Purpose; Radiation; Range; Rate; Recipe; Recycling; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Residual state; Right-On; Risk; Roentgen Rays; Role; Running; Saints; Sampling; Scanning; Security; Shadowing (Histology); Signal Transduction; Site; Source; Specimen; Spectrum Analysis; Standards of Weights and Measures; Stream; Structure; Support of Research; Surface; System; Technology; Test Result; Testing; Thrombosis; Thrombus; Time; Total Parenteral Nutrition; Universities; Variant; Vendor; Venous; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; antineoplastic antibiotics; attenuation; base; commercialization; cone-beam computed tomography; cost; day; density; desire; detector; evaluation/testing; experience; improved; insight; instrument; interest; manufacturing process; mathematical model; medical complication; millisecond; mortality; oncology; prevent; professor; programs; research and development; research study; scale up; single photon emission computed tomography; size; success; tomography

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Venous catheters play critical roles in the administration of chemotherapy, antibiotics, blood, blood products and total parenteral nutrition essential for the successful treatment of many chronic afflictions. Recent advances in catheter technology have enabled the explosive growth in oncology (vascular access ports), nephrology (hemodialysis catheters) and inpatient interventions (peripherally inserted catheters). Unfortunately, the catheter surface interaction with the blood stream has a very high potential of initiating surface thrombi that lead to serious and often life-threatening complications. To counter this risk, patients are given systemic anticoagulation drugs, which, while reducing the probability of surface clotting, introduce a second set of serious medical complications that significantly increase patient morbidity and mortality. Current treatments to prevent catheter-related thrombosis rely primarily on IV/oral anticoagulation. However, the tradeoff between long-term IV/oral anticoagulation and internal bleeding severely limits the performance of these powerful devices. Many approaches have been studied to reduce the formation of surface clots associated with the use of venous catheters, but none have met with more than minimal success. However, we have recently discovered an approach to modifying one of the most commonly used catheter biomaterials in such a manner as to drastically reduce the formation of surface clots during the long periods that such catheters must remain within the body. This modification appears to have not only the potential to be medically effective, but also to allow the fabrication of improved venous catheters with minimal or no increase in cost. In Phase I of this project, we shall compound the new plastic and conduct in-vitro tests to demonstrate that the compound (a) can be readily made, (b) that its mechanical properties are similar to those biomaterials now most commonly used for making catheters, and (c) that it has dramatically reduced tendencies to instigate the formation of surface clots in appropriate baths of platelet rich media. In Phase II, the formulation of the optimal composition of the biomaterial will be completed and actual venous catheters will be made and used for extensive in-vitro tests as well as for testing in animals. By the completion of the project, the groundwork should have been set for final engineering and rapid commercialization of anti-thrombotic venous catheters which should lead directly to substantially improved patient outcome.

描述（由申请人提供）：静脉导管在化疗、抗生素、血液、血液制品和全肠外营养的施用中发挥着关键作用，这对于成功治疗许多慢性疾病至关重要。导管技术的最新进展使得肿瘤学（血管通路）、肾病学（血液透析导管）和住院干预（外周插入导管）领域出现爆炸性增长。不幸的是，导管表面与血流的相互作用极有可能引发表面血栓，从而导致严重且常常危及生命的并发症。为了应对这种风险，患者需要接受全身抗凝药物，这在降低表面凝血可能性的同时，也带来了第二组严重的医疗并发症，显着增加了患者的发病率和死亡率。目前预防导管相关血栓形成的治疗主要依靠静脉注射/口服抗凝药物。然而，长期静脉/口服抗凝和内出血之间的权衡严重限制了这些强大设备的性能。人们已经研究了许多方法来减少与使用静脉导管相关的表面血栓的形成，但没有一种取得了最小的成功。然而，我们最近发现了一种方法，可以对最常用的导管生物材料之一进行改性，从而在此类导管必须长期保留在体内的过程中大大减少表面凝块的形成。这种修改似乎不仅具有医学上有效的潜力，而且还可以在成本增加最小或不增加的情况下制造改进的静脉导管。在该项目的第一阶段，我们将复合新塑料并进行体外测试，以证明化合物（a）可以很容易地制造，（b）其机械性能类似于现在最常用于制造导管的生物材料，以及（c）它大大降低了在适当的富含血小板介质浴中引发表面凝块形成的趋势。在第二阶段，将完成生物材料最佳成分的配制，并将制造实际的静脉导管并用于广泛的体外测试以及动物测试。该项目完成后，将为抗血栓静脉导管的最终工程和快速商业化奠定基础，这将直接显着改善患者的治疗效果。