Instrument to Identify Hazardous Children's Products that Could Cause Lead Poison

识别可能导致铅中毒的危险儿童产品的仪器

• 批准号: 8212001
• 负责人: MICHAEL R. SQUILLANTE
• 金额: $ 48.64万
• 依托单位: RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-25 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8212001
• 关键词: Advocacy; Algorithms; Area; Blood; Calibration; Chemicals; Child; Clinic; Country; Day center care; Deglutition; Detection; Development; Devices; Documentation; Equipment; Fees; Fire - disasters; Fluorescence; Foxes; Goals; Government Agencies; Government regulations; Hand; Health; Home environment; Hospitals; Household; Household Products; Human; Human Resources; Laboratories; Lead; Legal; Legal patent; Licensing; Location; Manufactured football; Mastication; Measurement; Modeling; Names; Neighborhoods; Paint; Parents; Pharmacy facility; Phase; Poison; Poisoning; Procedures; Public Health; Reporting; Roentgen Rays; Safety; Schools; Services; Shapes; Source; Surface; System; Techniques; Technology; Test Result; Testing; Toy; Training; base; consumer product; cost; design; detector; experience; instrument; lead contamination; lead exposure; medical supply; meetings; operation; programs; prototype; public health relevance; sensor; solid state; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of Phase II is to develop the world's first safe, inexpensive, and easy to operate lead detector for consumers that can reliably detect dangerous levels of lead in toys and other products. It will be based on a high sensitivity yet inexpensive X-ray fluorescence technology developed by RMD. The proposed program will result in a unique product that offers: (1) high sensitivity, to identify objects containing dangerous amounts of lead, (2) low cost to encourage widespread testing by consumers and other end users and (3) convenient operation requiring no training or licensing. Lead and its compounds have been rated as top chemicals that pose a great threat to human health. Despite increasingly stringent government regulations, lead contaminated components continue to penetrate the supply chain and show up on retailer shelves. Furthermore, testing of second hand items, purchased in resale shops or handed down to younger children, is practically non-existent. The problem is not due to the accuracy or sensitivity of existing lead detection technology, but rather to the high expense, safety and licensing barriers of available test equipment. We propose to use RMD's advanced solid-state detectors combined with recently patented lead detection techniques to develop a consumer oriented lead detector that will be widely available and easy and inexpensive to use. We propose a rental/lease model to keep costs low and encourage widespread testing by consumers at home and in schools and daycare centers. The main impact of Phase II will be households that are safer for children because parents finally have an affordable way to identify potentially hazardous, lead-containing products. In Phase I, we demonstrated the feasibility of designing such a device. In Phase II we will perfect the technology, culminating in the fabrication of a highly functional prototype lead detection instrument. RMD has the personnel, facilities and experience to develop a lead detector for consumer use. Though a small company, RMD now manufactures lead detectors for professionals that detect lead in paint and in solder. With the new sensors and measurement technologies detailed in the Phase II proposal, RMD believes it is now possible to overcome the difficulties associated with developing a lead detector for consumers based on a safe, low intensity, unlicensed source. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: In spite of increasingly stringent regulatory limits for lead content in consumer products, toys and household products containing lead continue to find their way into the consumer household. The reason it is so hard to identify and eliminate items containing egregious amounts of lead is that current tests are very expensive to perform and require the involvement of a trained technician or a full service testing laboratory. We propose to develop an inexpensive, simple to operate instrument which can be made widely available to consumers to test items in their own homes. The public health impact is that convenient, widespread testing will remove lead contaminated items from use before children are exposed.

第二阶段的目标是为消费者开发世界上第一个安全、廉价和易于操作的铅检测器，该检测器可以可靠地检测玩具和其他产品中铅的危险水平。它将基于RMD开发的高灵敏度但廉价的X射线荧光技术。拟议的计划将产生一种独特的产品，它提供：（1）高灵敏度，以识别含有危险量铅的物体，（2）低成本，以鼓励消费者和其他最终用户进行广泛的测试，（3）方便的操作，无需培训或许可。 铅及其化合物已被列为对人类健康构成巨大威胁的顶级化学品。尽管政府法规越来越严格，但受铅污染的零部件仍在继续渗透供应链，并出现在零售商的货架上。此外，对在转售商店购买或传给年幼儿童的二手物品进行检测的情况几乎不存在。问题不是由于现有铅检测技术的准确性或灵敏度，而是由于现有测试设备的高成本，安全性和许可障碍。 我们建议使用RMD的先进的固态探测器结合最近获得专利的铅检测技术，以开发一个面向消费者的铅检测器，将广泛提供，易于使用和廉价。我们提出了一种租赁/租赁模式，以保持低成本，并鼓励消费者在家里，学校和日托中心进行广泛的测试。 第二阶段的主要影响将是对儿童更安全的家庭，因为父母终于有了一种负担得起的方式来识别潜在的危险含铅产品。在第一阶段，我们证明了设计这种设备的可行性。在第二阶段，我们将完善技术，最终制造出高功能的铅检测仪器原型。 RMD拥有为消费者开发铅检测器的人员、设施和经验。虽然是一家小公司，但RMD现在为专业人士生产铅检测器，用于检测油漆和焊料中的铅。通过第二阶段提案中详细介绍的新传感器和测量技术，RMD认为现在可以克服为消费者开发基于安全，低强度，无执照来源的铅探测器的困难。 公共卫生相关性：尽管对消费品中铅含量的监管限制越来越严格，但含铅的玩具和家用产品继续进入消费者家庭。之所以很难识别和消除含有大量铅的物品，是因为目前的测试非常昂贵，需要训练有素的技术人员或全方位服务的测试实验室的参与。我们建议开发一种价格低廉、操作简单的仪器，可以广泛提供给消费者在自己家中测试物品。对公共卫生的影响是，方便、广泛的检测将在儿童接触铅之前将铅污染的物品从使用中清除。