DIET AND OBESITY AS ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTORS FOR ASTHMA

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。饮食是哮喘的环境危险因素，这是基于以下观察结果提出的：哮喘患病率的上升与典型的美国饮食的显著变化相一致，其特征是新鲜水果、绿色蔬菜的消费量减少，而高脂肪、高热量食物的消费量增加。饮食的改变、体育活动的减少和久坐不动的生活方式导致了更多的肥胖。哮喘和肥胖患病率的增加，加上哮喘患者往往比没有哮喘的人体重更重，超重与喘息和哮喘的发生率增加有关，导致肥胖可能是哮喘的另一个环境风险因素。通过COAST研究，旨在确定儿童哮喘的起源，我们有一个独特的机会来检查从出生到7岁的饮食和肥胖对哮喘的贡献。具体目标是：（1）确定饮食，包括喂养方法（即，母乳喂养和避免食物）和特定营养素（即，大量营养素、抗氧化维生素、钠和多不饱和脂肪酸）与哮喘表型的发展之间的关系;（2）确定肥胖与哮喘发展之间的关系。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Diet as an environmental risk factor for asthma has been proposed based on the observation that the rising prevalence of asthma coincided with a marked change in typical American diets characteristic of decreased consumption of fresh fruits, green vegetables and increased consumption of high-fat, high-calorie foods. Changes in diet, less physical activities and a more a sedentary lifestyle have lead to more obesity. The increase in the prevalence of asthma and obesity, combined with the findings that asthmatic individuals tend to weigh more than those without asthma, and that overweight is associated with an increased occurrence of wheezing and asthma, led to the idea that obesity may represent another environmental risk factor for asthma. With the COAST study, which is designed to identify origins of childhood asthma, we have a unique opportunity to examine the contributions of diet and obesity to asthma from birth to 7 years. Specific aims are: (1) to determine the associations between diet, including feeding methods (i.e., breast feeding and food avoidance) and specific nutrients (i.e., macronutrients, antioxidant vitamins, sodium and polyunsaturated fatty acids) and the development of asthmatic phenotype; (2) to determine associations between obesity and the development of asthma.