CDC MENTORED PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH SCIENTIST DEVELOPMENT AWARD

疾病预防控制中心指导的公共卫生研究科学家发展奖

• 批准号: 7494086
• 负责人: Deborah J Jones
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7494086
• 关键词: CDC; MENTORED; PUBLIC; HEALTH; RESEARCH

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adolescent exposure to violence, either as a witness or victim, is increasingly common and associated with a wide range of negative outcomes for youth, including increased likelihood of engaging in HIV/AIDS risk behaviors, such as low rates of condom use, having sex with multiple partners, and engaging in sexual behaviors while under the influence of alcohol or other substances. The public health importance of research to date on violence exposure and HIV/AIDS risk behaviors should not be minimized; however, several methodologicallimitations of this research, most notably the reliance on retrospective, cross- sectional, or short-term longitudinal designs, as well as the narrow focus on only one type of violence exposure or one HIV/AIDS risk behavior, significantly limit the policy implications of this work for HIV/AIDS prevention efforts. Utilizing advances in quantitative methods, in combination with the methodological rigor of the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN), a set of collaborating child abuse and neglect projects following 1,354 children in 5 locations acrossthe United States, the proposed K01 project aims to examine different developmental trajectories of violence exposure among maltreated youth, the extent to which specific trajectories better predict levels of involvement in HIV/AIDS risk behaviors in adolescence, and the role of contextual variables in moderating these trajectories. In turn, findings from the proposed analyses,as well as feedback from families of youth at-risk for violence exposure and the practitioners who serve them, will inform the development of a manualized HIV/AIDS prevention program targeting families of youth at high-risk for cumulative and chronic exposure to violence. The prevention program and associated manual will serve as the foundation for a subsequent grant application which will aim to pilot test the efficacy of the prevention program in a randomized clinical trial. Consistent with Health Protection Goals outlined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the research plan, training activities, and mentorship afforded by this K01 will increase the number of adolescents who are prepared to be healthy, safe, independent and productive members of society by addressing two major public issues of relevance for adolescent children, the rising rates of youth violence exposure in the U.S. and the associated risk for engaging in behaviors linked with the transmission of HIV/AIDS.

描述（由申请人提供）：青少年暴露于暴力，无论是作为证人还是受害者，都越来越普遍，并与青少年的广泛负面后果有关，包括参与艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险行为的可能性增加，例如避孕套使用率低，与多个伴侣发生性关系，以及在酒精或其他物质的影响下进行性行为。不应低估迄今为止关于遭受暴力和艾滋病毒/艾滋病危险行为的研究对公共卫生的重要性;然而，这项研究在方法上存在一些局限性，最明显的是依赖于回顾性、横断面或短期纵向设计，以及仅关注一种类型的暴力暴露或一种艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险行为，这大大限制了这项工作对艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防工作的政策影响。利用先进的定量方法，结合虐待儿童和虐待儿童纵向研究的严谨方法（LONGSCAN），一套合作的虐待和忽视儿童的项目后，1,354名儿童在5个地点在美国，拟议的K 01项目旨在研究不同的发展轨迹的暴力暴露在受虐待的青年，特定轨迹在多大程度上更好地预测青少年参与艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险行为的程度，以及背景变量在调节这些轨迹方面的作用。反过来，拟议分析的结果以及有暴力风险的青年家庭和为他们服务的从业人员的反馈意见，将为制定针对有累积和长期暴力风险的青年家庭的艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防方案提供信息。该预防计划和相关手册将作为后续赠款申请的基础，该申请旨在在随机临床试验中对预防计划的有效性进行试点测试。与疾病控制和预防中心概述的健康保护目标相一致，K 01提供的研究计划，培训活动和指导将通过解决与青少年儿童相关的两个主要公共问题，增加准备成为健康，安全，独立和富有成效的社会成员的青少年人数，美国青少年暴力暴露率的上升以及参与与艾滋病毒/艾滋病传播有关的行为的相关风险。