Raman Probe for Bronchial Premalignant Lesions

用于支气管癌前病变的拉曼探头

• 批准号: 7477805
• 负责人: STEPHEN FREDERICK FULGHUM
• 金额: $ 35.19万
• 依托单位: NEWTON LABORATORIES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-03-06 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7477805
• 关键词: Algorithms; Area; Arteries; Back; Biopsy; Biopsy Specimen; Bronchi; Bronchoscopy; Calibration; Cancer Detection; Cancerous; Cataloging; Catalogs; Characteristics; Clinic; Clinical; Collaborations; Collection; Condition; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Diagnostic; Diagnostic Sensitivity; Dimensions; Distal; Dysplasia; Endoscopes; Enrollment; Fiber; Fingerprint; Fluorescence; Forcep; Gender; Goals; Hand; Histocompatibility Testing; Image; In Vitro; Individual; Lens Fiber; Lesion; Light; Lip structure; Localized; Lung; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Masks; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Molecular; Normal tissue morphology; Numbers; Optics; Pathology; Patients; Peripheral; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Pliability; Premalignant; Principal Component Analysis; Procedures; Publishing; Pulse taking; Purpose; Raman Spectrum Analysis; Range; Risk; Sampling; Scanning; Screening procedure; Site; Source; Specificity; Staging; Standards of Weights and Measures; Structure of parenchyma of lung; System; Technology; Time; Tissue Sample; Tissues; Touch sensation; United States National Institutes of Health; base; breast lesion; cancer diagnosis; charge coupled device camera; clinical research site; cost; data acquisition; design; desire; improved; in vivo; instrument; light scattering; programs; racial and ethnic; wasting

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this program is to improve the diagnostic sensitivity and especially the specificity of autofluorescence endoscopes by examining additional information on the molecular constituents of the tissue being observed as determined by a fiberoptic Raman probe. The combined instrument will first use autofluorescence imaging to quickly identify areas of tissue which are likely to be dysplastic or cancerous. In a standard bronchoscopy procedure a small sample of tissue from this area would be taken with forceps passed through the narrow biopsy channel of the endoscope. In this program, a fiberoptic Raman probe will first be passed through this biopsy channel and pressed lightly against the suspect area of tissue. A 1-second pulse of narrowband, 830 nm light will be directed onto the tissue through a central fiber and lens assembly at the distal tip of the probe. A long-pass filter in the tip of the probe will block the backscattered 830 nm excitation wavelength but pass the longer wavelength tissue fluorescence and Raman-shifted light into a ring of collection fibers. These collection fibers will carry the scattered light back to a spectrometer which will disperse it into a characteristic Raman "fingerprint" spectrum. This spectrum contains many individual peaks corresponding to the concentration of specific molecules in the tissue. The standard biopsy will then be taken from the tissue site and sent to a pathology lab to be examined for evidence of dysplasia or cancer. This program will catalog the measured spectra and correlate them with the results of pathology. Once the catalog of spectra contains samples of normal, dysplastic and cancerous tissue fingerprints it will be possible to begin to predict, in real-time, what the results of pathology will be. A large number of spectra will need to be collected, however, from many different stages of discovered cancers before the predicted results are likely to be reliable. The use of autofluorescence imaging during bronchoscopy procedures has been shown to improve the sensitivity of cancer diagnosis over that which can be achieved by white light observation alone. This means there are few instances where a truly cancerous or dysplastic area of tissue is seen to be normal (a false negative determination of cancer). On the other hand, the method often classifies normal tissue as cancerous (a false positive determination) which leads to an additional risk to the patient from unnecessary biopsies, wasted time during the procedure and additional costs. The additional information from the Raman probe is expected to be able to identify many of these false positive sites as truly normal, increasing the specificity of the tissue characterization. Once the method is proven to be effective it will reduce patient risk, reduce the time required for procedures and reduce the cost of unnecessary biopsies.

描述（由申请人提供）：该计划的目标是通过检查由光纤拉曼探针确定的所观察组织的分子成分的附加信息来提高诊断灵敏度，尤其是自发荧光内窥镜的特异性。该组合仪器将首先使用自发荧光成像来快速识别可能发育不良或癌变的组织区域。在标准支气管镜检查程序中，将使用穿过内窥镜狭窄活检通道的镊子从该区域采集少量组织样本。在此程序中，光纤拉曼探头将首先穿过该活检通道并轻轻按压可疑的组织区域。 1 秒窄带 830 nm 光脉冲将通过探头远端的中心光纤和透镜组件引导到组织上。探头尖端的长通滤光片将阻挡反向散射的 830 nm 激发波长，但将较长波长的组织荧光和拉曼位移光传递到收集光纤环中。这些收集纤维将散射光带回光谱仪，光谱仪将其分散成特征拉曼“指纹”光谱。该光谱包含许多与组织中特定分子浓度相对应的单独峰。然后将从组织部位进行标准活检并送往病理实验室检查是否存在发育不良或癌症的证据。该程序将对测量的光谱进行分类，并将其与病理结果相关联。一旦光谱目录包含正常、发育不良和癌组织指纹样本，就有可能开始实时预测病理结果。然而，在预测结果可能可靠之前，需要从已发现的癌症的许多不同阶段收集大量光谱。与单独通过白光观察相比，在支气管镜检查过程中使用自发荧光成像已被证明可以提高癌症诊断的灵敏度。这意味着很少有真正癌变或发育异常的组织区域被视为正常的情况（癌症的假阴性判定）。另一方面，该方法经常将正常组织归类为癌性组织（假阳性确定），这会给患者带来额外的风险，包括不必要的活检、手术过程中浪费的时间和额外的费用。来自拉曼探针的附加信息预计能够将许多假阳性位点识别为真正正常的位点，从而提高组织表征的特异性。一旦该方法被证明是有效的，它将降低患者的风险，减少手术所需的时间，并减少不必要的活检的成本。