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Development of the Sense of Taste

味觉的发展

基本信息

批准号：
7305457
负责人：
CHARLOTTE M MISTRETTA
金额：
$ 29.26万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1988-02-01 至 2008-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7305457
关键词：
Address Affect Afferent Neurons Anterior Apical Area Back Biology Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Cell physiology Cells Characteristics Condition Culture Media Data Development Diet Duct (organ) structure Electrophysiology (science)Embryo Embryonic Development Environment Epithelium Esthesia Evaluation Event Family Fluorescent Dyes Foliate Papilla Food Fungiform Papilla Ganglia Goals Grant Hand Head Immunohistochemistry In Vitro Knowledge Label Laboratories Lateral Left Life Localized Location Maintenance Mandible Mediating Modeling Molecular Myxoid cyst NTF3 gene Nature Nerve Nerve Growth Factor 1 Nerve Growth Factor Pathway Neurites Neurons Neurotrophin 3 Nucleus solitarius Oral cavity Organ Organ Culture Techniques Pathway interactions Pattern Peripheral Process Property Quality of life Rattus Regulation Role Sensory Sensory Ganglia Shapes Side Signal Pathway Signal Transduction Signaling Molecule Soft Palate Somatosensory Receptor Sonic hedgehog protein Staging Structure of geniculate ganglion Structure of trigeminal ganglion System Taste Buds Taste Perception Testing Tissues Tongue Vagina Vibrissae Whole-Cell Recordings base day density in vivo morphogens nerve supply neural circuit neuronal cell body neurophysiology neurotrophic factor novel strategies receptor relating to nervous system research study somatosensory tongue papilla

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): To develop neural circuits that are essential for taste sensation, neurons in taste and associated somatosensory sensory ganglia must extend neurites to the tongue and make connections with the taste papilla organs and their resident taste buds. In this proposal, the laboratory continues studies of taste development to focus on two ganglia that innervate taste papillae, the geniculate and trigeminal ganglia, and the target organs of these ganglia, the fungiform papillae per se. Goals are to test hypotheses about how the family of neurotrophin molecules modifies ganglion neurophysiology; to discern molecules that regulate papilla development; and, to determine effects of regulatory molecules and target tissues on functional differentiation of innervating ganglia. In vitro approaches are used, including a compartment culture system for embryonic ganglion explants to permit separate molecular maintenance of the neuron cell body, or soma, versus the neurites that grow from the soma, and subsequent electrophysiological recording; and, organ cultures of the entire embryonic rat tongue. These in vitro systems make possible study of molecular affects on cell function in the developing taste system. Aim 1 test hypotheses that neurotrophins have distinctive spatial and temporal patterns in ganglia and papilla target organs, and that separate and specific neurotrophin exposure at ganglion soma versus growing neurites affects the electrophysiological properties of the ganglion neurons. Aim 2 tests hypotheses about how special signaling molecules called morphogens can regulate formation of fungiform papillae and the patterned distribution of papillae on the tongue. Aim 3 unifies the other two specific aims by testing hypotheses that lingual molecules regulating papilla development can also affect neurophysiological properties of the ganglion neurons that innervate papillae. In Aim 3, an additional hypothesis is to test effects of target and non-target tissues on electrophysiology of ganglion neurons, in compartment cultures. The compartment culture approach to study of ganglion neurophysiology is new to the taste field, and affords opportunities to maintain the neuron cell body with optimal survival molecules, while challenging the growing neurites with molecules and tissues that are present in the embryonic tongue. The whole tongue culture used in Aim 2 provides capability for direct experimental manipulation and evaluation of patterned papilla arrays, not available with other models. There are very few laboratories focused on study of developing neurons and sensory organs in the taste system. Yet such studies are essential for a full understanding of the sense of taste, which motivates our food choices and thereby mediates healthy or unhealthy diet patterns.

描述（由申请人提供）：为了开发味觉所必需的神经回路，味觉和相关体感神经节中的神经元必须将神经突延伸到舌头，并与味觉乳头器官及其驻留味蕾建立连接。在这个提议中，实验室继续研究味觉发育，重点放在两个神经节，支配味觉乳头，膝状神经节和三叉神经节，以及这些神经节的靶器官，菌状乳头本身。目标是测试神经营养因子分子家族如何改变神经节神经生理学的假设;辨别调节乳头发育的分子;以及确定调节分子和靶组织对神经支配神经节功能分化的影响。使用体外方法，包括用于胚胎神经节外植体的隔室培养系统，以允许神经元细胞体或索马与从索马生长的神经突的单独分子维持，以及随后的电生理记录;以及整个胚胎大鼠舌的器官培养。这些体外系统使得研究分子对味觉系统发育中细胞功能的影响成为可能。目的1检验神经营养因子在神经节和乳头靶器官中具有独特的空间和时间模式的假设，以及神经节索马与生长中的神经突中单独和特异的神经营养因子暴露影响神经节神经元的电生理特性。目的2：验证一种称为形态发生素的特殊信号分子是如何调节舌菌状乳头的形成和分布的假说。目的3统一了其他两个特定的目标，通过测试假设，舌分子调节乳头发育也可以影响神经节神经元支配乳头的神经生理学特性。在目的3中，另一个假设是在隔室培养物中测试靶组织和非靶组织对神经节神经元电生理学的影响。隔室培养方法来研究神经节神经生理学是新的味觉领域，并提供了机会，以保持最佳的生存分子的神经元细胞体，同时挑战生长的神经突的分子和组织中存在的胚胎舌。目标2中使用的全舌培养物提供了直接实验操作和评估图案化乳头阵列的能力，这是其他模型不可用的。很少有实验室专注于研究味觉系统中发育中的神经元和感觉器官。然而，这些研究对于充分理解味觉至关重要，味觉促使我们选择食物，从而调节健康或不健康的饮食模式。