Intra-abdominal fat and risk of disease in adolescents

青少年腹内脂肪与疾病风险

• 批准号: 7446720
• 负责人: Michael Isaac Goran
• 金额: $ 50.54万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-08-01 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7446720
• 关键词: Adolescent; Beta Cell; Body Composition; Body Weight decreased; Body fat; California; Carbohydrates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cell physiology; Child; Childhood; Clinical Research; Complex; Consumption; Data; Development; Dietary Fiber; Dietary Intervention; Effectiveness of Interventions; Ethnic group; Exercise; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Fiber; Goals; Grant; Hispanics; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Intake; Intervention; Intra-abdominal; Lipids; Literature; Liver; Los Angeles; Measures; Metabolic; Minority; Modification; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Phase; Population; Prevention; Primary Prevention; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recommendation; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; System; Testing; Thinking; Universities; Visceral; Week; Work; Youth; abdominal fat; base; blood glucose regulation; boys; cardiovascular risk factor; design; diet and exercise; disorder risk; experience; girls; improved; insulin secretion; insulin sensitivity; motivational enhancement therapy; novel; obesity management; programs; strength training; sugar; volunteer

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a revised competing renewal of a grant whose overall historical goal has been to examine the determinants of insulin resistance in children, especially the role of total fat and visceral fat during pubertal development in "high risk" minority children. The overall objective of this renewal is to conduct a randomized controlled study to examine the effects of 16-week exercise and diet interventions on insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and body fat distribution in overweight Hispanic boys and girls (n=80). Subjects will be randomized to: A) Control; B) Strength training; C) Modification of carbohydrate intake; or, D) Strength training + modification of carbohydrate intake. The primary outcomes will include detailed measures at the level of body composition (total lean and fat mass, visceral fat, intramyocellular fat and liver fat) and insulin/glucose regulation (insulin secretion & sensitivity). The hypotheses are: 1) Both interventions will have separate and independent effects on improving insulin resistance; 2) Strength training will improve insulin resistance by re-distribution of body fat (lower visceral fat, intramyocellular lipid and liver fat); 3) Carbohydrate modification will improve insulin resistance and beta-cell function by reducing insulin secretion; and, 4) These effects will be independent of any effects of either intervention on weight loss or loss in whole body fat. We focus on Hispanic children because they are an understudied high-risk population, and they display significant obesity related metabolic abnormalities probably emanating from profound insulin resistance. If our hypotheses are borne out, it will provide evidence for the incorporation of more specific dietary recommendations and strength training in the prevention and management of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk in overweight Hispanic youth.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一项修订后的竞争性更新补助金，其总体历史目标是研究儿童胰岛素抵抗的决定因素，特别是“高风险”少数民族儿童青春期发育期间总脂肪和内脏脂肪的作用。本次更新的总体目标是进行一项随机对照研究，以检查16周的运动和饮食干预对超重西班牙裔男孩和女孩（n=80）的胰岛素敏感性，胰岛素分泌和体脂分布的影响。受试者将被随机分配至：A）对照组; B）力量训练组; C）调整碳水化合物摄入量组;或D）力量训练+调整碳水化合物摄入量组。主要结果将包括身体成分水平（总瘦体重和脂肪量、内脏脂肪、肌内脂肪和肝脏脂肪）和胰岛素/葡萄糖调节（胰岛素分泌和敏感性）的详细测量。这些假设是：1）两种干预措施对改善胰岛素抵抗都有单独和独立的影响; 2）力量训练将通过重新分配身体脂肪来改善胰岛素抵抗（降低内脏脂肪、肌细胞内脂质和肝脏脂肪）; 3）碳水化合物修饰将通过减少胰岛素分泌来改善胰岛素抵抗和β细胞功能;以及4）这些效果将独立于对体重减轻或全身脂肪减少的干预的任何效果。我们专注于西班牙裔儿童，因为他们是一个未充分研究的高危人群，他们显示出显着的肥胖相关的代谢异常，可能源于深刻的胰岛素抵抗。如果我们的假设得到证实，它将提供证据，将更具体的饮食建议和力量训练纳入预防和管理肥胖，2型糖尿病和心血管风险超重的西班牙裔青年。

项目成果

Maximal aerobic capacity in African-American and Caucasian prepubertal children.

非裔美国人和白人青春期前儿童的最大有氧能力。

• DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1997.273.4.e809
• 发表时间: 1997
• 期刊: The American journal of physiology
• 作者: Trowbridge,CA;Gower,BA;Nagy,TR;Hunter,GR;Treuth,MS;Goran,MI
• 通讯作者: Goran,MI

Aerobic fitness among Caucasian, African-American, and Latino youth.

白种人、非裔美国人和拉丁裔青少年的有氧健身。

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Ethnicity & disease.
• 作者: Shaibi,GabrielQ;Ball,GeoffDC;Goran,MichaelI
• 通讯作者: Goran,MichaelI

Meal skipping linked to increased visceral adipose tissue and triglycerides in overweight minority youth.

超重的少数青少年中，不吃饭与内脏脂肪组织和甘油三酯增加有关。

• DOI: 10.1002/oby.20487
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
• 作者: House,BenjaminT;Cook,LaurenT;Gyllenhammer,LaurenE;Schraw,JeremyM;Goran,MichaelI;Spruijt-Metz,Donna;Weigensberg,MarcJ;Davis,JaimieN
• 通讯作者: Davis,JaimieN

Do hormonal indices of maturation explain energy expenditure differences in African American and Caucasian prepubertal children?

成熟荷尔蒙指数可以解释非裔美国人和白人青春期前儿童的能量消耗差异吗？

• DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801078
• 发表时间: 1999
• 期刊: International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
• 作者: Sun,M;Gower,BA;Nagy,TR;Bartolucci,AA;Goran,MI
• 通讯作者: Goran,MI

Validity of new child-specific thoracic gas volume prediction equations for air-displacement plethysmography.

用于空气置换体积描记法的新的儿童特定胸部气体体积预测方程的有效性。

• DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-6-18
• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: BMC pediatrics
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Higgins,PaulB;Silva,AnalizaM;Sardinha,LuisB;Hull,HollyR;Goran,MichaelI;Gower,BarbaraA;Fields,DavidA
• 通讯作者: Fields,DavidA