Contextual Influences on Sexual Risk among Latino MSM

拉丁裔男男性接触者中性风险的背景影响

• 批准号: 6884861
• 负责人: Maria Cecilia Zea
• 金额: $ 58.49万
• 依托单位: GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6884861
• 关键词: HIV infections; Hispanic Americans; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; clinical research; coping; culture; data collection methodology /evaluation; depression; dyadic interaction; epidemiology; experience; high risk behavior /lifestyle; homosexuals; human subject; interview; male; model; model design /development; population survey; prejudice; racial /ethnic difference; safe sex /sex abstinence; sex behavior; social group; social psychology; substance abuse related behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application describes a five-year research program that develops and tests a theoretical model of socio-cultural, psychosocial, and contextual influences on unprotected sex in three groups of Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) in the U.S.--Dominicans, Colombians, and Brazilians. These groups represent understudied and growing immigrant populations at high risk for HIV/AIDS. This application involves an innovative approach with a theoretical model that includes variables at two levels. The person level includes between-subjects variables that describe socio-cultural (national origin, acculturation, subscription to beliefs held by many Latinos; contact with gay social groups, and experiences of discrimination) and psychosocial (depression, self efficacy for safe sex, coping, and enjoyment of unprotected sex) characteristics of the person. The situation level includes within subjects variables that describe the circumstances associated with each sexual encounter, such as the relationship with the partner, sero-concordance with the partner, alcohol and drug use, setting, indicated desire for safe sex, and subjective sexual arousal in that encounter. Hypotheses concern not only the contribution of each level to the prediction of unprotected sex, but also moderating effects between levels. By focusing on situational characteristics of sexual encounters, as well as on individual characteristics, this study will provide a greater understanding of factors influencing unprotected sex among Latino MSM, which will aid in efforts to prevent the spread of HIV. There are four phases of this study. The aims of Phase 1 are to elucidate the context of sexual encounters of Dominican, Colombian, and Brazilian MSM in New York City; to identify aspects of the context of social and sexual encounters that lead to various forms of unprotected sex; and, to describe similar and different patterns of beliefs, norms, and behaviors in the three groups. This qualitative phase will involve ethnographic observation, a minimum of 15 key informant interviews, six focus groups, and 30 in-depth interviews. The aims of Phase II are to refine our theoretical model of sexual risk as informed by the qualitative findings from Phase I; and to develop and pilot test a quantitative survey instrument based on the theoretical model. Three focus groups will provide feedback on the survey instrument, which will be revised and then administered via Audio-CASI to a sample of 120 Latino MSM, evenly divided among Dominicans, Colombians, and Brazilians. The aim of Phase III is to further refine the theoretical model of sexual risk and the quantitative survey based on the qualitative and quantitative findings from Phases I and II; to administer the revised survey instrument; to examine similarities and differences in the beliefs, experiences; and behaviors of the three national groups; and to test hypotheses based on the theoretical model of the contextual influences on sexual risk. We will administer the quantitative survey to a sample of 480 Latino MSM, 160 from each of the four groups, using A-CASI methodology. The aim of phase IV is to integrate findings from the multiple sources of the qualitative and quantitative components of the study. We will examine areas of agreement and disagreement across methods. The triangulation of findings will enable us to interpret results and further refine the theoretical model of contextual factors of sexual risk among these three groups of Latino MSM.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请描述了一个为期五年的研究计划，该计划开发和测试了三组拉丁美洲男性与男性发生性关系（MSM）的无保护性行为的社会文化，心理社会和背景影响的理论模型。多米尼加人，哥伦比亚人，巴西人。 这些群体是未得到充分研究和不断增长的艾滋病毒/艾滋病高危移民人口。 该应用程序涉及一种创新的方法，其理论模型包括两个层面的变量。 人的水平包括受试者之间的变量，描述社会文化（民族血统，文化适应，订阅许多拉丁美洲人持有的信仰;与同性恋社会团体的接触，以及歧视的经历）和心理社会（抑郁症，安全性行为的自我效能，应对和享受无保护的性行为）的人的特征。 情境水平包括描述与每次性接触相关的情况的受试者变量，例如与伴侣的关系，与伴侣的血清一致性，酒精和药物使用，设置，对安全性行为的指示欲望，以及在该接触中的主观性唤起。 假设不仅关注每个水平对无保护性行为的预测的贡献，而且还关注水平之间的调节作用。 通过关注性接触的情境特征以及个人特征，本研究将更好地了解影响拉丁裔男男性行为者之间无保护性行为的因素，这将有助于预防艾滋病毒传播的努力。 本研究分为四个阶段。 第一阶段的目的是阐明在纽约市的多米尼加，哥伦比亚和巴西的男男性接触者的性接触的背景下，以确定方面的社会和性接触的背景下，导致各种形式的无保护措施的性行为，并描述相似和不同的模式的信仰，规范和行为的三个群体。 这一定性阶段将涉及人种学观察、至少15次关键的线人访谈、6个焦点小组和30次深入访谈。 第二阶段的目的是完善我们的理论模型的性风险的定性结果，从第一阶段的通知，并开发和试点测试的定量调查工具的理论模型的基础上。 三个焦点小组将提供对调查工具的反馈，该工具将被修改，然后通过Audio-CASI对120名拉丁裔男男性行为者进行管理，这些人平均分布在多米尼加人，多米尼加人和巴西人之间。 第三阶段的目的是根据第一阶段和第二阶段的定性和定量调查结果，进一步完善性风险的理论模型和定量调查;管理经修订的调查工具;审查三个民族群体在信仰、经验和行为方面的异同;并检验基于环境对性风险影响的理论模型的假设。 我们将管理的定量调查样本480拉丁裔男男性接触者，160从每个四个组，使用A-CASI方法。 第四阶段的目的是综合研究的质量和数量组成部分的多种来源的结果。 我们将检查不同方法之间的一致和不一致之处。 三角测量的结果将使我们能够解释结果，并进一步完善这三组拉丁裔男男性接触者的性风险的背景因素的理论模型。