Contextual Influences on Sexual Risk among Latino MSM

拉丁裔男男性接触者中性风险的背景影响

• 批准号: 6755920
• 负责人: Maria Cecilia Zea
• 金额: $ 54.48万
• 依托单位: GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6755920
• 关键词: HIV infections; Hispanic Americans; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; clinical research; coping; culture; data collection methodology /evaluation; depression; dyadic interaction; epidemiology; experience; high risk behavior /lifestyle; homosexuals; human subject; interview; male; model; model design /development; population survey; prejudice; racial /ethnic difference; safe sex /sex abstinence; sex behavior; social group; social psychology; substance abuse related behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application describes a five-year research program that develops and tests a theoretical model of socio-cultural, psychosocial, and contextual influences on unprotected sex in three groups of Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) in the U.S.--Dominicans, Colombians, and Brazilians. These groups represent understudied and growing immigrant populations at high risk for HIV/AIDS. This application involves an innovative approach with a theoretical model that includes variables at two levels. The person level includes between-subjects variables that describe socio-cultural (national origin, acculturation, subscription to beliefs held by many Latinos; contact with gay social groups, and experiences of discrimination) and psychosocial (depression, self efficacy for safe sex, coping, and enjoyment of unprotected sex) characteristics of the person. The situation level includes within subjects variables that describe the circumstances associated with each sexual encounter, such as the relationship with the partner, sero-concordance with the partner, alcohol and drug use, setting, indicated desire for safe sex, and subjective sexual arousal in that encounter. Hypotheses concern not only the contribution of each level to the prediction of unprotected sex, but also moderating effects between levels. By focusing on situational characteristics of sexual encounters, as well as on individual characteristics, this study will provide a greater understanding of factors influencing unprotected sex among Latino MSM, which will aid in efforts to prevent the spread of HIV. There are four phases of this study. The aims of Phase 1 are to elucidate the context of sexual encounters of Dominican, Colombian, and Brazilian MSM in New York City; to identify aspects of the context of social and sexual encounters that lead to various forms of unprotected sex; and, to describe similar and different patterns of beliefs, norms, and behaviors in the three groups. This qualitative phase will involve ethnographic observation, a minimum of 15 key informant interviews, six focus groups, and 30 in-depth interviews. The aims of Phase II are to refine our theoretical model of sexual risk as informed by the qualitative findings from Phase I; and to develop and pilot test a quantitative survey instrument based on the theoretical model. Three focus groups will provide feedback on the survey instrument, which will be revised and then administered via Audio-CASI to a sample of 120 Latino MSM, evenly divided among Dominicans, Colombians, and Brazilians. The aim of Phase III is to further refine the theoretical model of sexual risk and the quantitative survey based on the qualitative and quantitative findings from Phases I and II; to administer the revised survey instrument; to examine similarities and differences in the beliefs, experiences; and behaviors of the three national groups; and to test hypotheses based on the theoretical model of the contextual influences on sexual risk. We will administer the quantitative survey to a sample of 480 Latino MSM, 160 from each of the four groups, using A-CASI methodology. The aim of phase IV is to integrate findings from the multiple sources of the qualitative and quantitative components of the study. We will examine areas of agreement and disagreement across methods. The triangulation of findings will enable us to interpret results and further refine the theoretical model of contextual factors of sexual risk among these three groups of Latino MSM.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请描述了一个为期五年的研究项目，该项目开发并测试了社会文化、社会心理和环境对美国三组拉丁裔男男性行为（MSM）的无保护性行为的影响的理论模型——多米尼加人、哥伦比亚人和巴西人。这些群体代表了艾滋病毒/艾滋病高风险的未被充分研究和不断增长的移民人口。这一应用涉及一种创新的方法，其理论模型包括两个层次的变量。个人层面包括受试者之间的变量，这些变量描述了个人的社会文化特征（民族出身、文化适应、对许多拉丁美洲人持有的信仰的认同、与同性恋社会群体的接触和歧视经历）和社会心理特征（抑郁、安全性行为的自我效能、应对和享受无保护的性行为）。情境水平在受试者中包括描述与每次性接触有关的情况的变量，如与伴侣的关系、与伴侣的血清一致性、酒精和药物使用、环境、对安全性行为的表示渴望以及在该接触中主观的性唤起。假设不仅涉及每个水平对无保护性行为预测的贡献，而且还涉及水平之间的调节作用。通过关注性接触的情境特征以及个体特征，本研究将更好地了解影响拉丁裔男同性恋者无保护性行为的因素，这将有助于预防艾滋病毒的传播。这项研究分为四个阶段。第一阶段的目的是阐明纽约市多米尼加、哥伦比亚和巴西男同性恋者的性接触背景；查明导致各种形式无保护的性行为的社会和性接触背景的各个方面；并且，描述三个群体中相似和不同的信念，规范和行为模式。这个定性阶段将包括人种学观察、至少15个关键信息提供者访谈、6个焦点小组和30个深度访谈。第二阶段的目的是根据第一阶段的定性研究结果，完善我们的性风险理论模型；并在理论模型的基础上进行了定量测量仪器的研制和中试。三个焦点小组将对调查工具提供反馈意见，该工具将经过修订，然后通过音频- casi对120名拉丁裔男男性行为者进行抽样调查，这些人平均分为多米尼加人、哥伦比亚人和巴西人。第三阶段的目的是在第一和第二阶段定性和定量结果的基础上，进一步完善性风险的理论模型和定量调查；管理修订后的测量仪器；检查信仰、经历的异同；以及三个民族群体的行为；并检验基于环境对性风险影响的理论模型的假设。我们将使用a - casi方法对480名拉丁裔MSM样本进行定量调查，四组各160人。第四阶段的目的是整合来自研究的定性和定量组成部分的多个来源的发现。我们将检查不同方法之间的一致和分歧。研究结果的三角测量将使我们能够解释结果，并进一步完善这三组拉丁裔男男性行为者的性风险背景因素的理论模型。