Contextual Influences on Sexual Risk among Latino MSM

拉丁裔男男性接触者中性风险的背景影响

• 批准号: 6755920
• 负责人: Maria Cecilia Zea
• 金额: $ 54.48万
• 依托单位: GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6755920
• 关键词: HIV infections; Hispanic Americans; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; clinical research; coping; culture; data collection methodology /evaluation; depression; dyadic interaction; epidemiology; experience; high risk behavior /lifestyle; homosexuals; human subject; interview; male; model; model design /development; population survey; prejudice; racial /ethnic difference; safe sex /sex abstinence; sex behavior; social group; social psychology; substance abuse related behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application describes a five-year research program that develops and tests a theoretical model of socio-cultural, psychosocial, and contextual influences on unprotected sex in three groups of Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) in the U.S.--Dominicans, Colombians, and Brazilians. These groups represent understudied and growing immigrant populations at high risk for HIV/AIDS. This application involves an innovative approach with a theoretical model that includes variables at two levels. The person level includes between-subjects variables that describe socio-cultural (national origin, acculturation, subscription to beliefs held by many Latinos; contact with gay social groups, and experiences of discrimination) and psychosocial (depression, self efficacy for safe sex, coping, and enjoyment of unprotected sex) characteristics of the person. The situation level includes within subjects variables that describe the circumstances associated with each sexual encounter, such as the relationship with the partner, sero-concordance with the partner, alcohol and drug use, setting, indicated desire for safe sex, and subjective sexual arousal in that encounter. Hypotheses concern not only the contribution of each level to the prediction of unprotected sex, but also moderating effects between levels. By focusing on situational characteristics of sexual encounters, as well as on individual characteristics, this study will provide a greater understanding of factors influencing unprotected sex among Latino MSM, which will aid in efforts to prevent the spread of HIV. There are four phases of this study. The aims of Phase 1 are to elucidate the context of sexual encounters of Dominican, Colombian, and Brazilian MSM in New York City; to identify aspects of the context of social and sexual encounters that lead to various forms of unprotected sex; and, to describe similar and different patterns of beliefs, norms, and behaviors in the three groups. This qualitative phase will involve ethnographic observation, a minimum of 15 key informant interviews, six focus groups, and 30 in-depth interviews. The aims of Phase II are to refine our theoretical model of sexual risk as informed by the qualitative findings from Phase I; and to develop and pilot test a quantitative survey instrument based on the theoretical model. Three focus groups will provide feedback on the survey instrument, which will be revised and then administered via Audio-CASI to a sample of 120 Latino MSM, evenly divided among Dominicans, Colombians, and Brazilians. The aim of Phase III is to further refine the theoretical model of sexual risk and the quantitative survey based on the qualitative and quantitative findings from Phases I and II; to administer the revised survey instrument; to examine similarities and differences in the beliefs, experiences; and behaviors of the three national groups; and to test hypotheses based on the theoretical model of the contextual influences on sexual risk. We will administer the quantitative survey to a sample of 480 Latino MSM, 160 from each of the four groups, using A-CASI methodology. The aim of phase IV is to integrate findings from the multiple sources of the qualitative and quantitative components of the study. We will examine areas of agreement and disagreement across methods. The triangulation of findings will enable us to interpret results and further refine the theoretical model of contextual factors of sexual risk among these three groups of Latino MSM.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请描述了一项为期五年的研究计划，该计划开发并测试了社会文化、心理社会和背景对美国三组男男性行为者 (MSM)（多米尼加人、哥伦比亚人和巴西人）无保护性行为的影响的理论模型。 这些群体代表了未得到充分研究且不断增长的艾滋病毒/艾滋病高危移民群体。 该应用涉及一种创新方法，其理论模型包含两个级别的变量。 个人层面包括描述个人社会文化（民族血统、文化适应、对许多拉丁裔信仰的认同、与同性恋社会群体的接触以及歧视经历）和心理社会（抑郁、安全性行为的自我效能、应对和享受无保护性行为）特征的主体间变量。 情境水平包括受试者内描述与每次性接触相关的情况的变量，例如与伴侣的关系、与伴侣的血清一致性、酒精和药物的使用、环境、对安全性行为的指示渴望以及该接触中的主观性唤起。 假设不仅涉及每个水平对无保护性行为预测的贡献，还涉及水平之间的调节效应。 通过关注性接触的情境特征以及个人特征，这项研究将更好地了解影响拉丁裔男男性接触者中无保护性行为的因素，这将有助于防止艾滋病毒传播。 本研究分为四个阶段。 第一阶段的目标是阐明多米尼加人、哥伦比亚人和巴西男男性行为者在纽约市发生性接触的背景；确定导致各种形式的无保护性行为的社会和性接触背景的各个方面；并描述三个群体中相似和不同的信仰、规范和行为模式。 这一定性阶段将涉及人种学观察、至少 15 次关键知情人访谈、6 个焦点小组和 30 次深度访谈。 第二阶段的目标是根据第一阶段的定性研究结果完善我们的性风险理论模型；并基于理论模型开发并试点定量调查工具。 三个焦点小组将提供有关调查工具的反馈，该调查工具将进行修订，然后通过 Audio-CASI 向 120 名拉丁裔 MSM 样本进行管理，其中多米尼加人、哥伦比亚人和巴西人各占一半。 第三阶段的目的是在第一阶段和第二阶段的定性和定量研究结果的基础上，进一步完善性风险的理论模型和定量调查；管理修订后的调查工具；检查信念、经验的相似点和差异；以及三个民族群体的行为；并检验基于情境对性风险影响的理论模型的假设。 我们将使用 A-CASI 方法对 480 名拉丁裔 MSM 样本（四组各 160 名）进行定量调查。 第四阶段的目的是整合研究的定性和定量部分的多个来源的发现。 我们将研究各种方法的一致和分歧领域。 研究结果的三角测量将使我们能够解释结果并进一步完善这三组拉丁裔 MSM 中性风险背景因素的理论模型。