Effects of Stressors on Drug Use in Young, Poor Women

本研究的目的是考察应激源对药物滥用和依赖的贡献，如 受应对方式的影响。在大多数研究中，年轻的低收入女性没有得到足够的关注 压力和药物障碍，这些年轻女性处于药物使用增加和 压力的负担。将进行一项前瞻性队列研究，将应激源增加与高血压的发病联系起来 药物紊乱，以及药物使用的进展，到滥用和依赖。在这项研究中，共有600名 12个月吸毒者(311名非西班牙裔白人，103名非西班牙裔黑人和186名西班牙裔女性) 将接受采访。这些详细的面谈将在基线、12个月和24个月时亲自进行。在……里面 在面谈期间，将每隔一个月进行一次简短的电话采访。 参与者将前往24家提供妇科和生殖服务的国家资助诊所之一就诊。 每一次面试都将采用CAPI方法。参与者将被要求亲自或通过邮寄提供， 四份唾液样本用于四次皮质醇测试，一份尿样用于药物测试小组。 这项建议的主要目的是：(1)研究和报告压力暴露的流行病学， 尤其是操作性应激源(定义为最近和正在发生和积累的 应激源)，在年轻的低收入女性中；(2)了解和检查 通过理论驱动的假设，随着时间的推移，出现DSM-IV滥用/依赖的操作应激源 (3)考察个体的应对方式是否会改变不同个体之间的关系 与虐待/依赖有关的操作性应激源。 我们的次要目标是(1)研究药物紊乱对应激源的相互影响；(2) 按族裔/种族地位检查上述关系。 我们将对青少年、低血压病患者的手术应激源进行相对全面但有重点的调查。 这一弱势群体中的收入妇女以及应激源与药物紊乱的关系。澄清这些问题 这种关系应有助于制定有针对性的有效预防和干预措施，以预防 成年期从吸毒到滥用和依赖的转变。

The purpose of this study is to examine the contribution of stressors to drug abuse and dependence, as modified by coping style. Young, low-income women have received inadequate attention in most studies of stress and drug disorder, and these young women are in an age group with increasing drug use and burdens of stress. A prospective cohort study will be conducted to relate increases in stressors to onset of drug disorder, as well as progression of drug use, to abuse and dependence. In this study, a total of 600 12-month drug users (with 311 non-Hispanic white, 103 non-Hispanic black, and 186 Hispanic women) will be interviewed. These detailed interviews will occur in person at baseline, 12, and 24 months. In between the in-person interviews, brief telephone interviews will be conducted every other month. Participants will attend one of 24 state-funded clinics providing gynecological and reproductive services. CAPI methods will be used for each interview. Participants will be asked to provide, in person or by mail, four saliva samples for four cortisol tests and one urine sample for a drug test panel. The primary aims of this proposal are to: (1) study and report the epidemiology of stress exposure, particularly operant stressors (defined as the occurrences and accumulation of recent and ongoing stressors), in young, low-income women over time; (2) understand and examine the relationships of operant stressors with onset of DSM-IV abuse/dependence over time through theory-driven hypotheses (eg, self-medication); (3) examine whether an individual's coping style modify the relationships of different operant stressors with abuse/dependence. Our secondary aims are to (1) to examine the reciprocal effects of drug disorder on stressors; (2) to examine the above relationships by ethnic/racial status. We will conduct a relatively comprehensive but focused investigation of operant stressors in young, low- income women and the relation of stressors to drug disorder in this vulnerable population. Clarifying such relationship should help in the development of targeted, effective preventions and interventions to prevent transitions from drug use to abuse and dependence in adulthood.