Primate Veterinarian Training at the WaNPRC

WaNPRC 灵长类动物兽医培训

• 批准号: 7502188
• 负责人: CHARLOTTE HOTCHKISS
• 金额: $ 22.81万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7502188
• 关键词: Academy; Animal Rights; Animals; Area; Behavior; Behavioral Genetics; Behavioral Research; Biology; Biomedical Research; Books; Breeding; Caring; Certification; Clinical; Clinical Medicine; Development; Disease; Evaluation; Funding; Grant; Health; Hepatitis; Human; IACUC; Influenza; Institutes; Investigation; Journals; Knowledge; Laboratory Animal Medicine; Laboratory Animals; Measures; Medicine; Molecular; National Center for Research Resources; Neurologic; Numbers; Operative Surgical Procedures; Pathology; Peer Review; Personal Satisfaction; Postdoctoral Fellow; Primates; Production; Public Health; Publications; Purpose; Qualifying; Reference Document; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Residencies; Resources; Risk; Rodent; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Training Support; Translational Research; United States National Institutes of Health; Veterinarians; Veterinary Schools; Washington; Work; abstracting; animal care; base; comparative; experience; nonhuman primate; occupational health/safety; programs; protocol development; psychologic; reproductive; research facility

Abstract: Nonhuman primates (NHP) are critical to biomedical and behavioral research and their importance in biomedical and behavioral research is well documented. NHPs' close molecular, immunological, reproductive, and neurological relationship to humans makes them essential for biomedical research, testing and development efforts necessary to advance human health initiatives. The National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) and other NIH Institutes and Centers invest substantial resources in support of the National Primate Research Centers (NPRC) and other publicly funded NHP resources. Major support is also provided for basic and translational research using these species. Clinical veterinarians must receive additional training and experience beyond the professional training received in veterinary school in order to provide appropriate and quality clinical care and colony management. The increased demand for the use of NHPs in biomedical investigations, and emergence and spread of potentially deadly diseases such as SARS, influenza, and hepatitis that will be studied using NHP modes is expected to exacerbate the shortage of veterinarians who are properly educated in NHP clinical care and colony management. The purpose of this application to reduce this shortage of appropriately qualified veterinarians by requesting funding to provide support for training of three resident veterinarians over a four year period in all aspects of NHP nonhuman primate medicine, surgery, care, and management, as well as related areas such as basic NHP biology, genetics, behavior, pathology, production, and occupational health and safety. Narrative: Public Health Importance The ongoing requirement for veterinarians who are trained in laboratory animal medicine was demonstrated in the recent publication titled National Need and Priorities for Veterinarians in Biomedical Research National Academy Press (2004) (http://www.nap.edu/books/0309090830/html/index.html). As outlined in this document, the number of NIH funded grants utilizing animals increased by approximately 32% from 1995 through 2002, while the number of ACLAM certified laboratory animal veterinarians increased by only 15%. This demonstrates an obvious shortfall in the number of veterinarians that are qualified (as measured by ACLAM certification) to care for laboratory animals in a biomedical research setting. Additionally, referenced document indicated that the number of veterinarians who completed residency programs was 25% lower in 2002 than 1996. This shortage of qualified veterinarians is exacerbated in research facilities that utilize nonhuman primates (NHP) because many of the current laboratory animal medicine training programs do not offer experience in the care and use of NHP and veterinarians that are trained primarily with rodent and species other than NHPs may be reluctant to work with NHPs because of lack of knowledge, comfort level and perceived risk. Another important concern is that projects and programs utilizing NHPs are frequently subjected to more intense scrutiny by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees (IACUC), external oversight and regulatory agencies and animal rights organizations. In addition to the ethical requirement to provide adequate veterinary care for animals used in research, the increased scrutiny afforded nonhuman primates makes it imperative to have adequate numbers of highly qualified and experienced veterinarians who are responsible for their care and use. It is anticipated that provision of this residency training will help to alleviate the shortage of adequately qualified and experienced veterinarians and help to assure that appropriate care is provided for NHPs used in both basic and translational biomedical research.

抽象的： 非人类灵长类动物 (NHP) 对于生物医学和行为研究至关重要 生物医学和行为研究的重要性已有充分记录。 NHP 关闭 与人类的分子、免疫、生殖和神经学关系使得 它们对于生物医学研究、测试和开发工作至关重要 推进人类健康举措。国家研究资源中心 (NCRR) 和其他 NIH 研究所和中心投入大量资源来支持 国家灵长类动物研究中心 (NPRC) 和其他公共资助的 NHP 资源。 还为使用这些物种的基础和转化研究提供了主要支持。 临床兽医必须接受除专业知识之外的额外培训和经验 在兽医学校接受的专业培训，以便提供适当和 优质的临床护理和群体管理。使用需求的增加 NHP 在生物医学研究以及潜在致命疾病的出现和传播 将使用 NHP 模式研究 SARS、流感和肝炎等疾病 预计将加剧受过适当教育的兽医的短缺 NHP 临床护理和群体管理 此应用程序的目的是减少。 通过请求资金来提供适当合格的兽医的短缺 支持在四年内对三名驻地兽医进行各方面的培训 NHP 非人类灵长类动物的医学、手术、护理和管理以及相关 基础 NHP 生物学、遗传学、行为学、病理学、生产和 职业健康和安全。叙述：公共卫生的重要性 证明了对接受过实验动物医学培训的兽医的持续需求 在最近题为《生物医学研究中兽医的国家需求和优先事项》的出版物中 国家学院出版社（2004）（http://www.nap.edu/books/0309090830/html/index.html）。如中所述 根据这份文件，NIH 资助的利用动物的拨款数量增加了约 32% 1995 年至 2002 年，获得 ACLAM 认证的实验动物兽医人数仅增加 15%。这表明合格的兽医数量明显不足（根据测量 通过 ACLAM 认证）在生物医学研究环境中照顾实验动物。此外， 参考文件表明，完成住院医师培训计划的兽医人数为 2002 年比 1996 年减少了 25%。研究机构中合格兽医的短缺情况更加严重 利用非人类灵长类动物 (NHP)，因为当前的许多实验动物医学培训 计划不提供 NHP 的护理和使用经验以及主要受过培训的兽医 啮齿动物和 NHP 以外的物种可能不愿意与 NHP 合作，因为缺乏 知识、舒适度和感知风险。另一个重要问题是项目和计划 利用 NHP 经常受到动物护理和使用机构更严格的审查 委员会 (IACUC)、外部监督和监管机构以及动物权利组织。在 除了为研究中使用的动物提供足够的兽医护理的道德要求外， 对非人类灵长类动物的日益严格的审查使得必须拥有足够数量的高度 合格且经验丰富的兽医负责其护理和使用。预计 提供这种住院医师培训将有助于缓解合格和经验丰富的人员短缺的问题 兽医并帮助确保为基础和医疗领域使用的 NHP 提供适当的护理 转化生物医学研究。