Genomic studies of chimeric mitochondria in cybrids from Solanaceae

茄科杂种嵌合线粒体的基因组研究

基本信息

批准号：
7911843
负责人：
JEFFREY D PALMER
金额：
$ 5.38万
依托单位：
TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-08-10 至 2012-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7911843
关键词：
Address Alleles Angiosperms Animals Antibiotics Applications Grants Argentina Biochemical Biological Models Biological Products Cell Nucleus Chloroplasts Collaborations DNA DNA Sequence DNA Sequence Rearrangement Data Deoxyribonuclease I Development Disease Double Strand Break Repair Elements Eukaryota Eukaryotic Cell Event Evolution Experimental Genetics Experimental Models Family Follow-Up Studies Frequencies Fruit Gene Duplication Gene Targeting Gene Transfer Genes Genetic Genetic Engineering Genetic Materials Genetic Recombination Genome Genomics Goals Grant Health Homing Homologous Gene Homologous Protein Horizontal Disease Transmission Horizontal Gene Transfer Human Hybrids Inherited Introns Knowledge Laboratory Organism Lead Length Maintenance Measures Mitochondria Mitochondrial DNA Mitochondrial Proteins Molecular Nature Nuclear Nucleotides Open Reading Frames Organism Outcome Parents Partner in relationship Pathway interactions Pattern Phylogenetic Analysis Plants Process Prokaryotic Cells Property Protoplasts Publishing RNA Reading Frames Recombinants Reporting Research Resolution Role Sampling Sequence Analysis Shapes Site Solanaceae Surveys System Testing Time Tobacco Vaccine Production Virginia Work chimeric gene driving force endonuclease gene therapy genome sequencing knowledge base microbial mitochondrial genome novel parent grant plant fungi plant genetics public health relevance rRNA Genes research study sample fixation therapeutic protein uptake

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): "Genomic studies of chimeric mitochondria in cybrids from Solanaceae" This research will be conducted primarily in Argentina at Universidad Nacional de Cuyo in collaboration with Dr. Marma Virginia Sanchez Puerta, as an extension of R01 GM070612-4. The study of mitochondrial genome evolution, dynamics, uptake of foreign DNA, and interactions with the nuclear genome is essential to a deep understanding of the eukaryotic cell. Mitochondrial genomes provide an excellent system to increase our knowledge of genome rearrangements, chimeric genes, nuclear- cytoplasmic incompatibilities, and horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Plant mitochondria are unique in their propensity to acquire genes by HGT. The most pervasive example of HGT in eukaryotes involves the cox1 intron, which encodes a putative homing endonuclease that increases the frequency of the intron's fixation via horizontal transfer. We propose to study aspects of the interactions between two distinct mitochondrial genomes that recombine in a cybrid plant obtained by protoplast fusion experiments. During cybrid formation, the two mitochondrial parental types and their genomes (only one containing the cox1 intron) will fuse, resulting in a hybrid mitochondrial genome. We will establish some 20 cybrid lines derived from somatic crosses between cox1 intron-containing and -lacking species in order to address the following two aims: First, we will test the hypothesis that the cox1 intron encodes a functional homing endonuclease in plants, assess rates of intron colonization, and measure lengths of exonic coconversion tracts that accompany intron insertion. Second, we will sequence and analyze the entire mitochondrial genomes of up to 20 cybrid lines. This will serve as an experimental model for recapitulating the natural process of HGT in plant mitochondria and will provide a rich picture of the process and pattern of mitochondrial genome recombination at various levels. Maintenance of an intact, functioning mitochondrial genome is critical for survival. Given the many molecular parallels between plants and animals, this project will be valuable for the development of both animal gene therapy and plant genetic engineering. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Genome rearrangements, nucleotide substitutions, and the introduction of foreign DNA shape the mitochondrial genomes of eukaryotes and often have severe consequences for human health, as evidenced by several important mitochondrially-inherited diseases. In addition, the key experimental organism of this study (tobacco) is widely used as an expression system for biopharmaceutical production of vaccines, antibiotics, and a number of therapeutic proteins. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial DNA evolution is therefore of considerable importance to human health and disease.

描述（由申请人提供）：“甲酸科中嵌合线粒体的基因组研究”该研究将主要在阿根廷与玛玛·弗吉尼亚·桑切斯·普拉塔（Marma Virginia Sanchez Puerta）合作的阿根廷进行，作为R01 GM07070612-4。线粒体基因组进化，动力学，外源DNA的摄取以及与核基因组相互作用的研究对于对真核细胞的深入了解至关重要。线粒体基因组提供了一个极好的系统，以增加我们对基因组重排，嵌合基因，核细胞质不相容性和水平基因转移（HGT）的了解。植物线粒体在通过HGT获取基因的倾向方面是独一无二的。真核生物中HGT的最普遍的例子涉及COX1内含子，该内含子编码假定的归巢内切核酸酶，该内核核酸酶通过水平转移增加了内含子固定的频率。我们建议研究通过原生质体融合实验获得的两个不同的线粒体基因组之间的相互作用的各个方面。在Cybrid形成期间，两种线粒体亲本类型及其基因组（仅包含COX1内含子）将融合，从而导致杂种线粒体基因组。我们将建立约20条cybrid曲线，这些囊肿线从cox1内含子和斑点物种之间衍生出来，以解决以下两个目的：首先，我们将测试Cox1内含子在植物中编码植物中的功能性寄宿内切核酸酶的假设，并评估插入式结肠的速率，并评估插入式插入式插入的插入式插入的长度。其次，我们将测序和分析多达20个cybrid系的整个线粒体基因组。这将作为一个实验模型，用于概括植物线粒体中HGT的自然过程，并将提供丰富的线粒体基因组重组的过程和模式。维持完整，功能性的线粒体基因组对于生存至关重要。鉴于动植物之间的许多分子相似之处，该项目对于动物基因疗法和植物遗传工程的发展都是有价值的。公共卫生相关性：基因组重排，核苷酸取代以及外国DNA的引入真核生物的线粒体基因组，通常会对人类健康产生严重的后果，这是几种重要的线粒体伴随性疾病所证明的。此外，这项研究的关键实验生物（烟草）被广泛用作疫苗，抗生素和许多治疗蛋白的生物药物产生的表达系统。因此，了解线粒体DNA进化的分子机制对于人类健康和疾病至关重要。