Active Interventions for the Aging Mind

对衰老心灵的积极干预

• 批准号: 7917232
• 负责人: DENISE CORTIS PARK
• 金额: $ 43.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS DALLAS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7917232
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Age Distribution; Age-associated memory impairment; Aged, 80 and over; American; Behavior; Behavioral; Belief; Brain; Cardiovascular system; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Data; Dementia; Development; Digital Photography; Elderly; Enrollment; Equilibrium; Exercise; Goals; Guilt; Health; Home environment; Hour; Image; Individual; Institutionalization; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Leisure Activities; Life; Life Expectancy; Life Style; Measures; Medical; Mind; Nature; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Personality; Placebo Control; Placebos; Psychosocial Factor; Relative (related person); Resources; Short-Term Memory; Social Functioning; Social Impacts; Social Interaction; Structure; Subgroup; Testing; Time; United States; Waiting Lists; aged; aging mind; base; behavior test; cognitive change; cognitive function; cost; design; digital; experience; health economics; improved; insight; introvert; lifestyle factors; long term memory; neuroimaging; normal aging; programs; protective effect; relating to nervous system; skills; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is a considerable amount of social and behavioral data that is correlational in nature suggesting that individuals who are deeply engaged in social and intellectual activities in mid and late adulthood show delays in normal age-related cognitive decline as well as in the onset of dementia. The present project entitled "Active Interventions for the Mind" is designed to provide one of the first experimental tests of the impact of sustained engagement on cognition in late adulthood. In the AIM project, we distinguish between productive engagement (engaging activities that require sustained activation of cognitive resources such as working memory, reasoning, and long-term memory, often in a social setting) and receptive engagement (engagement that relies primarily on existing knowledge and social interactions). Based on a successful pilot program, we propose to enroll older adults in intensive productive engagement conditions (e.g., learning to quilt or to use digital photography) a receptive engagement condition (e.g., participating in a primarily social program where leisure activities have low resource requirements), or control conditions (Wait-List or Placebo Control where low level cognitive activities are performed at home). All subjects except Wait-List controls will engage in activities 15 hours per week over a period of 16 weeks. We will contrast cognitive, affective and neural function in the productive engagement group with the other conditions, and hypothesize that sustained engagement in conditions that are both intellectually and socially stimulating over this time period will facilitate cognition in older adults relative to a wait-list control. Moreover, because learning a new skill and making new social contacts may permanently impact participants' daily behavior, the impact of the engagement will be assessed initially as well as a year later. Both behavioral and neural measures of cognitive change will be assessed, providing considerable insight into mechanisms of change. Subjects will be characterized thoroughly in terms of behavioral tests of cognitive function, measures of brain structure through structural imaging, and measures of brain function through functional neuroimaging, as well as in terms of psychosocial variables.. The AIM project represents one of the first systematic attempt to change and then measure older adults' lifestyle for a sustained period in an attempt to understand lifestyle factors that contribute to cognitive and neural vitality in late adulthood, much as we understand lifestyle factors that contribute to good cardiovascular health.

描述（由申请人提供）：有相当数量的社会和行为数据在本质上是相关的，表明在成年中后期深入参与社会和智力活动的个体在正常的年龄相关的认知衰退以及痴呆症的发作方面表现出延迟。本项目题为“积极干预心智”，旨在提供关于持续参与对成年后期认知影响的首批实验测试之一。在AIM项目中，我们区分了生产性参与（参与需要持续激活认知资源的活动，如工作记忆，推理和长期记忆，通常在社交环境中）和接受性参与（主要依赖于现有知识和社交互动的参与）。基于一个成功的试点计划，我们建议在密集的生产性参与条件下招募老年人（例如，学习缝合或使用数字摄影）接受性接合条件（例如，参与休闲活动对资源要求较低的主要社交项目）或对照条件（等待列表或安慰剂对照，其中在家中进行低水平认知活动）。除候补名单对照组外，所有受试者将在16周内每周参加15小时的活动。我们将对比认知，情感和神经功能的生产性参与组与其他条件，并假设在这段时间内，在智力和社会刺激的条件下持续参与将促进老年人相对于等待名单控制的认知。此外，由于学习新技能和建立新的社交关系可能会永久影响参与者的日常行为，因此将在最初和一年后评估参与的影响。将评估认知变化的行为和神经措施，提供相当深入的变化机制。受试者将通过认知功能的行为测试、通过结构成像测量大脑结构、通过功能性神经成像测量大脑功能以及心理社会变量进行全面表征。AIM项目代表了第一个系统性的尝试之一，旨在改变并持续测量老年人的生活方式，试图了解有助于成年后期认知和神经活力的生活方式因素，就像我们了解有助于良好心血管健康的生活方式因素一样。