Impact of Exercise and Engagement on Cognition in Older Adults

运动和参与对老年人认知的影响

• 批准号: 7825072
• 负责人: DENISE CORTIS PARK
• 金额: $ 39.21万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS DALLAS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7825072
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Adult; Age; Aging; Area; Behavior; Blood Vessels; Brain; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cardiovascular system; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Communities; Complex; Computers; Control Groups; Data; Digital Photography; Disease; Effectiveness; Elderly; Environment; Exercise; Faculty; Family; Funding; Goals; Grant; Health; Hour; Human Development; Image; Individual; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Intervention Trial; Joints; Knowledge; Laboratories; Learning; Life Style; Literature; Measures; Methods; Mind; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Phase; Photography; Placebo Control; Postdoctoral Fellow; Pre-Post Tests; Principal Investigator; Process; Psyche structure; Public Health; Quality of life; Recovery; Relative (related person); Research; Research Infrastructure; Role; Social Controls; Specificity; Synapses; Syndrome; Testing; Time; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Walking; Work; arterial stiffness; base; cerebral hypoperfusion; cerebrovascular; cognitive function; cognitive training; comparative; comparative effectiveness; cost; effectiveness research; end of life; experience; fitness; follow-up; health science research; improved; intervention effect; intervention program; lifestyle intervention; neural circuit; neuroimaging; novel; programs; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; scaffold; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is a response to RFA OD-09-003, "Recovery Act Limited Competition: NIH Challenge Grants in Health and Science Research (RC1)." This application addresses broad Challenge Area (05), Comparative Effectiveness Research, and specific Challenge Topic, 05-AG-105 "Comparative Intervention Trials for Diseases and Syndromes of Aging including Neurodegenerative Diseases." Funding of this competing revision will enable the hiring of a total of 3.25 full time people: a half-time exercise physiologist, 1.5 postdoctoral fellows and a 1.25 research assistants. Perhaps the most urgent scientific challenge for the 21st century is to develop interventions to slow the process of cognitive aging so that at the end of life, most older adults are in control of their mental faculties and they and their families can enjoy a high quality of life in this final phase of human development. The focus of the present application is to examine carefully the role of lifestyle variables that are commonly believed to be "good for the mind" in facilitating healthy cognitive aging. There is clear evidence that physical exercise improves cognitive health in late adulthood. What has not been studied is whether enhancing neural vasculature through exercise is an important condition for reaping the benefits of cognitive interventions. One of the main reasons for this gap in knowledge is the cost of implementing and studying such complex lifestyle interventions. The proposed project is one of the first attempts to study the joint effects of exercise and a cognitive intervention program by adding exercise conditions to an already-funded intervention study on cognitive engagement in the laboratory of Denise Park at the Center for Brain Health in Dallas. Synapse involves investigating the impact on cognitive function of immersing adults in a 12 week new learning challenge for 15- 20 hours each week. Subjects learn to quilt, perform digital photography, or do both. In this new application, we will add two groups to the Synapse project for the next three years: an Exercise Only group that improves cardiovascular health through a walking program that will allow us to assess the impact of exercise versus cognitive engagement. We will also add an Exercise Plus Engagement group comprised of subjects that both exercise and participate in Synapse, allowing us to assess whether exercise potentiates cognitive engagement effects. Because the infrastructure costs of the Synapse project are already funded, we can address critical scientific questions about exercise and cognitive interventions which have proven to be too expensive to easily address in previous work. The two primary goals of the project are to (a) directly compare exercise interventions and cognitive interventions to determine relative effectiveness of each domain and (b) examine the interactive effects of a joint exercise/cognitive intervention program. We hypothesize that a healthy cardiovascular system will greatly enhance cognitive intervention effects. In addition, we will utilize novel and exceptionally sensitive measures of cerebrovascular fitness by employing transcranial Doppler imaging, a method that has not yet been used in the exercise/cognition domain. Besides measuring VO2-Max, we will measure cerebral hypoperfusion, blood vessel reactivity, and arterial stiffness so that we will have careful measures of vascular health. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The focus of the present application is to examine carefully the role of lifestyle variables that are commonly believed to be "good for the mind" in facilitating healthy cognitive aging. There is clear evidence that physical exercise improves cognitive health in late adulthood. What has not been studied is whether enhancing neural vasculature through exercise is an important condition for reaping the benefits of cognitive interventions. The proposed project is one of the first attempts to study the joint effects of exercise and a cognitive intervention program on cognition.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请是对 RFA OD-09-003“恢复法案有限竞争：NIH 健康与科学研究挑战拨款 (RC1)”的回应。该申请涉及广泛的挑战领域 (05)、比较有效性研究和特定挑战主题 05-AG-105“包括神经退行性疾病在内的衰老疾病和综合征的比较干预试验”。此次竞争性修订的资助将总共雇用 3.25 名全职人员：一名半职运动生理学家、1.5 名博士后研究员和 1.25 名研究助理。也许21世纪最紧迫的科学挑战是制定干预措施来减缓认知衰老的过程，以便大多数老年人在生命结束时能够控制自己的心智能力，并且他们和他们的家人可以在人类发展的最后阶段享受高质量的生活。本申请的重点是仔细研究通常被认为“有益于心灵”的生活方式变量在促进健康认知衰老方面的作用。有明确的证据表明，体育锻炼可以改善成年后期的认知健康。尚未研究的是通过运动增强神经脉管系统是否是获得认知干预益处的重要条件。造成这种知识差距的主要原因之一是实施和研究这种复杂的生活方式干预措施的成本。拟议的项目是研究运动和认知干预计划联合效应的首批尝试之一，该项目通过在达拉斯脑健康中心丹尼斯公园实验室已经资助的认知参与干预研究中添加运动条件来研究。 Synapse 涉及调查成人每周 15-20 小时沉浸在为期 12 周的新学习挑战中对认知功能的影响。受试者学习缝被子、进行数码摄影或两者兼而有之。在这个新应用程序中，我们将在未来三年内向 Synapse 项目添加两个组：一个仅运动组，通过步行计划改善心血管健康，这将使我们能够评估运动与认知参与的影响。我们还将添加一个由既锻炼又参与 Synapse 的受试者组成的“锻炼加参与”小组，使我们能够评估锻炼是否会增强认知参与效果。由于 Synapse 项目的基础设施成本已经得到资助，因此我们可以解决有关运动和认知干预的关键科学问题，这些问题已被证明过于昂贵而无法在之前的工作中轻松解决。该项目的两个主要目标是（a）直接比较运动干预和认知干预，以确定每个领域的相对有效性；（b）检查联合运动/认知干预计划的交互效果。我们假设健康的心血管系统将大大增强认知干预效果。此外，我们将通过采用经颅多普勒成像（一种尚未在运动/认知领域使用的方法）来利用新颖且异常敏感的脑血管健康测量方法。除了测量最大摄氧量外，我们还将测量脑灌注不足、血管反应性和动脉僵硬度，以便我们仔细测量血管健康状况。 公共健康相关性：本申请的重点是仔细检查通常被认为“有益于心灵”的生活方式变量在促进健康认知衰老方面的作用。有明确的证据表明，体育锻炼可以改善成年后期的认知健康。尚未研究的是通过运动增强神经脉管系统是否是获得认知干预益处的重要条件。该项目是研究运动和认知干预计划对认知的联合影响的首批尝试之一。