West African Bioethics Training Program

描述(由申请人提供)：近几十年来，对发展中国家的研究和项目资金有所增加。这一增长突显了这些国家有限的卫生保健基础设施和人员限制。这些限制之一是缺乏生物伦理学专业知识。有几项研究和项目因此而搁浅。也有越来越多的临床试验外包给发展中国家，一些复杂的研究现在正在那里进行。由于人类起源的“走出非洲”理论，非洲也对遗传学研究感兴趣。此外，正在开发新的生物技术，可能会改善这些国家的公共卫生。所有这些都发生在人们越来越意识到科学家的日常道德不当行为比重大道德丑闻对科学的威胁更大的时候。我们的需求评估调查显示，尼日利亚的生物医学研究人员对伦理问题知之甚少，包括延误、无法获得和资金限制等几个问题困扰着该国为数不多的正常运作的IRBs。答复者还强调需要对内部审查机构的工作人员进行培训。在此基础上，我们提出了一个全面的国际研究伦理培训计划，旨在利用伊巴丹大学的资源，它在尼日利亚生物医学教育和研究中的独特历史作用，以及它与西非研究生医学院的历史联系。这笔培训补助金将提供培养生物伦理学专家的硕士学位课程，并为研究所成员、对生物伦理学感兴趣的人、生物医学研究人员、IRB管理人员和尼日利亚其他西非国家的研究人员提供国际研究伦理学培训。它还将提供科学诚信方面的培训，以加强为科学家创造合乎道德的工作环境，并提高西非总体上对生物伦理的认识。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In recent decades, there has been an increase in research and program funding to developing countries. This increase has highlighted the limited health care infrastructure and personnel limitations in these countries. One of such limitations is lack of bioethics expertise. Several studies and programs have run aground on this account. There is also growing outsourcing of clinical trials to developing countries and some sophisticated research are now occurring there. Because of the "Out of Africa" theory of human origin, Africa also holds interest for research in genetics. In addition, new biotechnologies are being developed that are likely to improve public health in these countries. All of these are occurring at a time when it is increasingly realized that routine ethical misbehavior among scientists is a greater threat to science than major ethics scandals. Our needs assessment survey showed poor knowledge of ethical issues among biomedical researchers in Nigeria and several problems including delay, inaccessibility and funding limitations plagued the few functional IRBs in the country. Respondents also emphasized the need for training for IRB personnel. Based on these, we propose a comprehensive training program in international research ethics designed to take advantage of the resources at the University of Ibadan, its unique historical role in biomedical education and research in Nigeria and its historical linkages with the West African Postgraduate Medical Colleges. This training grant will offer Masters' degree program leading to development of bioethics experts and provide training in international research ethics for members of IRBs, persons interested in Bioethics, biomedical researchers, IRB administrators, and research staff in Nigeria other West African countries. It will also offer training in scientific integrity in order to enhance the creation of ethical working environment for scientists and increase awareness of bioethics in general in West Africa.