AMYGDALA: SEX DIFFERENCES IN BEHAVIOR, COGNITION NEUROENDOCRINE DEVELOPMENT

杏仁核：行为、认知神经内分泌发育的性别差异

• 批准号: 8172409
• 负责人: Kim Wallen
• 金额: $ 5.48万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8172409
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Age; Amygdaloid structure; Anxiety; Behavior; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Data Analyses; Development; Discrimination; Emotional; Female; Fright; Funding; Grant; Institution; Life; Macaca mulatta; Memory; Menarche; Monkeys; Neonatal; Neurosecretory Systems; Performance; Primates; Process; Puberty; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Rest; Sample Size; Sampling; Sex Behavior; Sex Characteristics; Social Behavior; Social Conditions; Social Interaction; Source; United States National Institutes of Health; behavior observation; cohort; design; gonad function; male; pubertal timing; sex; social; social group

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. This project investigates sex differences in the social, emotional, cognitive and neuroendocrine consequences of neonatal and post-pubertal amygdalectomy in rhesus monkeys living in complex semi-natural social groups. Unlike the severely socially restricted conditions of previous studies, our large monkey groups have multiple matrilines and all age and sex classes allowing investigating amygdala function under social conditions it is likely designed to deal with. This project tracks the development of these systems and relates changes in juvenile function to the pubertal transition and adult social behavior. We have now successfully created forty-one monkey subjects in two annual cohorts, including 9 male and 8 female neonatally amygdalectomized subjects, with the other 24 subjects serving as juvenile controls. Eight male and 8 female controls will be amygdalectomized 1 year post-pubertally to allow direct comparison of the effects of neonatal and adult amygdalectomy Neonatal gonadal function, anxiety, fear, and maternal attachment are in the process of being assessed along with extensive observations of social interactions in the subjects' natal group during the first four years of life. At 2 yr, continuously available computer kiosks will be used to assess object and spatial memory span and object discrimination. Starting at 1.25yr females have been intensely sampled to assess pubertal timing as well as pubertal changes in social and sexual behavior. Surprisingly, the one neonatally amygdalectomized female in our first cohort (the rest of the amygdalectomized females were created in the second cohort completed this year) went through menarche at 1.5years, a full year earlier than any control female in our colony has gone through puberty. We have continued weekly focal observations of behavior, neonatal imitation, and LabTab performance has been collected on these subjects. Sample sizes will are now sufficient for data analysis, which is currently under way.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心来说，它不一定是研究者的机构。 该项目研究了生活在复杂的半自然社会群体中的恒河猴的新生儿和青春期后杏仁核切除术在社会、情感、认知和神经内分泌方面的性别差异。与之前研究中严格的社会限制条件不同，我们的大型猴子群体有多个母系和所有年龄和性别类别，允许在其可能应对的社会条件下研究杏仁核的功能。 该项目跟踪这些系统的发展，并将青少年功能的变化与青春期过渡和成人社会行为联系起来。我们现在已经成功地在两个年度队列中创建了 41 只猴子受试者，其中包括 9 只雄性和 8 只雌性新生儿杏仁核切除受试者，另外 24 只受试者作为青少年对照。 八名男性和八名女性对照将在青春期后一年进行杏仁核切除术，以便直接比较新生儿和成人杏仁核切除术的效果。目前正在评估新生儿性腺功能、焦虑、恐惧和母性依恋，同时对受试者出生后四年内的社会互动进行广泛观察。两年后，连续可用的计算机亭将用于评估物体和空间记忆广度以及物体辨别力。从 1.25 岁开始，对女性进行大量采样，以评估青春期时机以及青春期社会和性行为的变化。 令人惊讶的是，我们第一个队列中的一只新生儿杏仁核切除雌性（其余的杏仁核切除雌性是在今年完成的第二个队列中创建的）在 1.5 岁时经历了初潮，比我们群体中任何对照雌性经历青春期的时间早了一整年。 我们继续每周对这些受试者的行为、新生儿模仿和 LabTab 表现进行集中观察。 现在样本量足以进行目前正在进行的数据分析。