AMYGDALA: SEX DIFFERENCES IN BEHAVIOR, COGNITION NEUROENDOCRINE DEVELOPMENT

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 本项目调查了生活在复杂的半自然社会群体中的恒河猴在新生儿和青春期后杏仁核切除术的社会，情感，认知和神经内分泌后果的性别差异。与之前研究中严格的社会限制条件不同，我们的大型猴群具有多个母系以及所有年龄和性别类别，可以在可能设计处理的社会条件下研究杏仁核的功能。 这个项目跟踪这些系统的发展，并将青少年功能的变化与青春期过渡和成年人的社会行为联系起来。将在两个年度队列（每组24只）中创建48只猴，分布在8只雄性和8只雌性对照组、每种性别8只扁桃体切除术后猴和每种性别8只青春期后病变受试者中。新生儿性腺功能、焦虑、恐惧和母亲依恋将被评估沿着对受试者纳塔尔组在生命的前四年期间的社会互动的广泛观察。在2年，认知连续可用的计算机亭将被用来评估对象和空间记忆广度和对象的歧视。在2年时，将对雌性动物进行密集采样，以评估青春期时间以及社会和性行为的青春期变化。据推测，不同的男性和女性纳塔尔的社会环境，结合杏仁核功能的性别差异的性质将产生不同程度的影响杏仁核的损害，男性受到更严重的影响比女性。在资助的第一年，创建了6个手术对照和5个（4男1女）杏仁核切除受试者。 每周重点观察行为，新生儿模仿，和LabTab性能已收集这些科目。 样本量不足以进行数据分析，直到该出生季节结束时，将创建额外的受试者。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. This project investigates sex differences in the social, emotional, cognitive and neuroendocrine consequences of neonatal and post-pubertal amygdalectomy in rhesus monkeys living in complex semi-natural social groups. Unlike the severely socially restricted conditions of previous studies, our large monkey groups have multiple matrilines and all age and sex classes allowing investigating amygdala function under social conditions it is likely designed to deal with. This project tracks the development of these systems and relates changes in juvenile function to the pubertal transition and adult social behavior. Forty-eight monkeys, distributed between 8 male and 8 female controls, 8 neonatally amygdalectomized of each sex, and 8 post-pubertally lesioned subjects of each sex, will be created in two annual cohorts of 24. Neonatal gonadal function, anxiety, fear, and maternal attachment will be assessed along with extensive observations of social interactions in the subjects' natal group during the first four years of life. At 2yr, cognitive continuously available computer kiosks will be used to assess object and spatial memory span and object discrimination. At 2yr females will be intensely sampled to assess pubertal timing as well as pubertal changes in social and sexual behavior. It is hypothesized that the different male and female natal social environments, combined with the sexually differentiated nature of amygdala function will produce different magnitudes of effect of amygdala damage, with males being more severely affected than females. During the first year of funding 6 surgical control and five (4 male, 1 female) amygdalectomized subjects were created. Weekly focal observations of behavior, neonatal imitation, and LabTab performance has been collected on these subjects. Sample sizes will not be sufficient for data analysis until the completion of this birth season when the additional subjects will be created.