AMYGDALA: SEX DIFFERENCES IN BEHAVIOR, COGNITION NEUROENDOCRINE DEVELOPMENT

这个子项目是许多利用资源的研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 而子项目的主要调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其它NIH来源。 列出的子项目的总成本可能 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， NCRR赠款不直接向子项目或子项目工作人员提供资金。 本项目调查了生活在复杂的半自然社会群体中的恒河猴在新生儿和青春期后杏仁核切除术的社会，情感，认知和神经内分泌后果的性别差异。与以往研究中严重的社会限制条件不同，我们的大型猴群有多个母系，所有年龄和性别类别，允许在可能设计处理的社会条件下调查杏仁核功能。这个项目跟踪这些系统的发展，并将青少年功能的变化与青春期过渡和成年人的社会行为联系起来。我们现在已经成功地创建了两个年度队列中的41只猴子受试者，包括9只雄性和8只雌性杏仁核切除受试者，其他24只受试者作为青少年对照。新生儿的性腺功能，焦虑，恐惧和母亲的依恋正在进行评估，沿着广泛的观察，在出生后的前四年的社会互动的主题的纳塔尔组。在2年时，将使用连续可用的计算机信息亭来评估物体和空间记忆广度以及物体辨别力。从1.25岁开始，对女性进行了密集采样，以评估青春期的时间以及社会和性行为的青春期变化。令人惊讶的是，这只切除了扁桃体的雌性在1.5岁时就经历了初潮，比我们种群中任何一只对照雌性的青春期早了整整一年。 我们继续每周重点观察行为，新生儿模仿，并LabTab性能已收集这些科目。 目前的样本量足以进行数据分析，目前正在进行数据分析。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. This project investigates sex differences in the social, emotional, cognitive and neuroendocrine consequences of neonatal and post-pubertal amygdalectomy in rhesus monkeys living in complex semi-natural social groups. Unlike the severely socially restricted conditions of previous studies, our large monkey groups have multiple matrilines and all age and sex classes allowing investigating amygdala function under social conditions it is likely designed to deal with. This project tracks the development of these systems and relates changes in juvenile function to the pubertal transition and adult social behavior. We have now successfully created forty-one monkey subjects in two annual cohorts, including 9 male and 8 female neonatally amygdalectomized subjects, with the other 24 subjects serving as juvenile controls. Neonatal gonadal function, anxiety, fear, and maternal attachment are in the process of being assessed along with extensive observations of social interactions in the subjects' natal group during the first four years of life. At 2yr, continuously available computer kiosks will be used to assess object and spatial memory span and object discrimination. Starting at 1.25yr females have been intensely sampled to assess pubertal timing as well as pubertal changes in social and sexual behavior. Surprisingly, the neonatally amygdalectomized female) went through menarche at 1.5years, a full year earlier than any control female in our colony has gone through puberty. We have continued weekly focal observations of behavior, neonatal imitation, and LabTab performance has been collected on these subjects. Sample sizes are now sufficient for data analysis, which is currently under way.