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Neural Correlates of Lexical Processing in Child L2 Learners

儿童 L2 学习者词汇处理的神经相关性

基本信息

批准号：
8039571
负责人：
Arturo E Hernandez
金额：
$ 16.88万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-09-22 至 2012-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8039571
关键词：
6 year old Address Adult Age Anterior Area Auditory Base of the Brain Behavioral Berlin Blood flow Brain Child Childhood Energy Metabolism Exhibits Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging German population Germany Hand Head Hemoglobin Insula of Reil Knowledge Laboratories Language Language Development Language Disorders Lead Learning Life Measures Methodology Modeling Nature Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Nursery Schools Pattern Prefrontal Cortex Preschool Child Process Relative (related person)Research Sampling Scalp structure Scanning Schools Staging Superior temporal gyrus Surface Testing Theoretical model Time Work age effect bilingualism cingulate gyrus cognitive control deoxyhemoglobin design early childhood hemodynamics improved language processing lexical processing optical sensor parent grant relating to nervous system response

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project is designed to uncover the neural correlates of processing two languages as bilinguals transition from novice to intermediate L2 speakers in early childhood. To achieve this, the proposed project will use Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), which measures neural activity indirectly via changes in deoxyhemoglobin and hemoglobin which is correlated with blood flow and energy metabolism. This methodology is child friendly allow us to extend testing to children that are preschool age. Recent research has found that adults who learned a second language early in life exhibit remarkable plasticity in their language processing abilities. These children transition from L1 to L2 dominance during the first five years of schooling and maintain a pattern of L2 dominance into adulthood. To elucidate the nature of the neural correlates of bilingualism in child L2 learners, the proposed project will test bilingual children between the ages of 3-8, which correspond to time points corresponding to very early stages of L2 acquisition up to more advanced L2 knowledge. Children will be asked to listen to auditorily presented words while being scanned with NIRS. The results from the proposed studies will help to elucidate the neural substrates that differentiate first from second language acquisition during childhood. Finally, the proposed studies will compare predictions from two competing models which view L2 acquisition as involving differential use of cognitive control or as involving changes in sensorimotor processing. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed project is designed to extend the scope of the parent grant by examining the neural correlates of processing two languages as bilinguals transition from novice to intermediate L2 speakers as they transition from preschool years to early grade school. The results from these studies should help to provide background which will help clinicians in the assessment and treatment of young L2 learners with language disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的项目旨在揭示处理两种语言的神经相关性作为双语过渡从新手到中级L2扬声器在幼儿期。为了实现这一目标，拟议的项目将使用近红外光谱（NIRS），它通过与血流和能量代谢相关的脱氧血红蛋白和血红蛋白的变化间接测量神经活动。这种方法是儿童友好的，使我们能够将测试扩展到学龄前儿童。最近的研究发现，在生命早期学习第二语言的成年人在语言处理能力方面表现出显着的可塑性。这些儿童在上学的头五年从L1过渡到L2优势，并保持L2优势模式到成年。为了阐明儿童L2学习者双语能力的神经相关性的性质，拟议的项目将测试3-8岁的双语儿童，这对应于L2习得的早期阶段到更高级的L2知识的时间点。孩子们将被要求在用NIRS扫描的同时听清晰呈现的单词。从拟议的研究结果将有助于阐明神经基板区分第一和第二语言习得在儿童时期。最后，拟议的研究将比较两个竞争模型的预测，认为L2收购涉及认知控制的差异使用或涉及感觉运动处理的变化。公共卫生相关性：拟议的项目旨在扩大父母补助金的范围，通过检查处理两种语言的神经相关性，双语者从新手过渡到中级L2扬声器，因为他们从学龄前过渡到小学早期。这些研究的结果应该有助于提供背景，这将有助于临床医生在评估和治疗年轻的第二语言学习者的语言障碍。