Remediation Effectiveness for Mining Sites: Hysteresis and Metal Mixtures Effect

矿区修复效果：滞后和金属混合物效应

• 批准号: 8229848
• 负责人: James Ranville
• 金额: $ 29.98万
• 依托单位: COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-20 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8229848
• 关键词: Accounting; Acids; Address; Affect; Bioavailable; Biological; Biological Availability; Central City; Chemicals; Colorado; Communities; Complex; Complex Mixtures; Data; Development; Drainage procedure; Ecosystem; Effectiveness; Effectiveness of Interventions; Environment; Environmental Pollution; Failure; Fishes; Generations; Goals; Health; Human; Individual; Intervention; Invertebrates; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Ligands; Link; Measurement; Measures; Metal exposure; Metals; Methods; Mining; Modeling; Montana; Natural experiment; Nature; Oklahoma; Organism; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Practice Management; Procedures; Process; Recovery; Research Infrastructure; Rivers; Site; Societies; Solutions; Source; Stream; Study models; Superfund; System; Tars; Time; Toxic effect; Toxicity Tests; United States; Water; Work; aquatic organism; base; improved; interest; metal poisoning; model development; novel; programs; remediation; research study; response; sensor; superfund site; tool; uptake; wasting; water sampling

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): SUMMARY In almost all ecosystems, metals occur in mixtures, this is especially true at mining sites. Accurate assessment of metal exposure and effects to humans and ecosystems must account for mixture effects, which could be additive, less than additive, or more than additive. However, current regulatory and management practices usually address individual metals, because adequate tools are not yet available for predicting bioavailability and toxicity of mixtures. Our long-term objective is to address this shortcoming by improving the ability to measure, understand, and predict bioavailability and toxicity of metal mixtures arising from environmental contamination. We have proposed three specific projects in this work. First, we will solve a major challenge in analytical measurement of metal bioavailability by developing the "gellyfish" sampler to obtain free metal concentrations in water/sediment systems. Experiments will be performed both in the laboratory and in field deployments of the sampler at the Central City/Clear Creek Superfund site. Secondly, we will further develop a model of the toxicity of metal mixtures to individual species of aquatic organisms based on a mixed- metal, multi-site biotic ligand model (MMMS BLM). This will be accomplished with laboratory D. magna toxicity tests using both simple solutions and water samples collected from the site. The third objective is to integrate the procedures and information gained from the first two objectives with measurements of more complex effects of metal mixtures on aquatic communities exposed to mixtures in stream microcosms set up in the laboratory. We will also conduct a "natural experiment" in a metal-contaminated stream and examine responses before, during and after installation of a treatment system that will decrease concentrations of the metals. Because some metals like Fe can be toxic to aquatic invertebrates and fish in streams but can also make other metals less bioavailable (i.e., be protective), we expect to see a hysteresis in the recovery of the stream as Fe loading is decreased by the treatment system. Ultimately, in this project we expect to make improvements in assessment methods, which will provide a better means for protecting human and ecosystem health. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: NARRATIVE Use of metals in our society has the unwanted consequence of creating vast numbers of ecosystems contaminated with mine wastes. The degree to which contaminants can be taken up by an organism, their bioavailability, must be assessed in order to know the potential harm to humans and their natural environment. In this project we make improvements in assessment methods to ultimately provide better means for protecting human and ecosystem health.

描述(申请人提供)：概述在几乎所有的生态系统中，金属以混合物的形式存在，在矿场尤其如此。对金属暴露及其对人类和生态系统的影响的准确评估必须考虑混合效应，混合效应可以是相加的，也可以是相加的，也可以是相加的。然而，目前的监管和管理做法通常针对单个金属，因为目前还没有足够的工具来预测混合物的生物利用度和毒性。我们的长期目标是通过提高测量、理解和预测环境污染引起的金属混合物的生物有效性和毒性的能力来解决这一缺陷。我们在这项工作中提出了三个具体项目。首先，我们将解决金属生物有效性分析测量中的一个主要挑战，开发“Gellyfish”采样器，以获取水/沉积物系统中的游离金属浓度。实验将在中心城市/清溪超级基金现场的采样器的实验室和现场部署进行。其次，我们将在混合金属多部位生物配基模型(MMMS BLM)的基础上，进一步发展金属混合物对单个水生生物物种的毒性模型。这将通过使用简单溶液和从现场收集的水样进行实验室麦格纳毒素测试来完成。第三个目标是将从前两个目标获得的程序和信息与测量金属混合物对暴露在实验室建立的溪流微宇宙中的混合物中的水生群落的更为复杂的影响相结合。我们还将在一条被金属污染的溪流中进行“自然实验”，并检查在安装处理系统之前、期间和之后的反应，该系统将降低金属的浓度。由于铁等一些金属对溪流中的水生无脊椎动物和鱼类有毒，但也会使其他金属的生物可利用性较低(即具有保护性)，我们预计随着处理系统减少铁的负荷，溪流的恢复将出现滞后。最终，在这个项目中，我们希望在评估方法方面做出改进，这将为保护人类和生态系统健康提供更好的手段。 与公共健康相关：叙述性地使用金属在我们的社会中产生了大量被矿山废物污染的生态系统，这是不受欢迎的后果。为了知道对人类及其自然环境的潜在危害，必须评估一种生物能够吸收污染物的程度，即它们的生物利用度。在这个项目中，我们对评估方法进行了改进，最终为保护人类和生态系统健康提供了更好的手段。