Novel Nanorods for High Efficiency Medical Imaging Applications

用于高效医学成像应用的新型纳米棒

• 批准号: 8124002
• 负责人: Christopher J. Summers
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: PHOSPHORTECH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8124002
• 关键词: Characteristics; Chemicals; Collaborations; Communities; Critiques; Crystallography; Diagnostic radiologic examination; Digital Mammography; Digital Radiography; Encapsulated; Ensure; Europe; Exhibits; Film; Goals; Image; Light; Lighting; Mammography; Marketing; Medical; Medical Imaging; Molecular Biology; Particle Size; Performance; Phase; Polymers; Proteins; Quantum Dots; Radiation Monitoring; Reaction Time; Relative (related person); Resolution; Roentgen Rays; Sales; Screening procedure; Structure; Synchrotrons; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Theoretical Studies; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Visible Radiation; absorption; base; beamline; bioimaging; detector; experience; gadolinium sulfoxylate; light emission; monitoring device; nanocomposite; nanocrystal; nanorod; nanosecond; novel; particle; quantum; research study; response; retinal rods; sensor; success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A new class of high-performance X-ray phosphor screens will be developed based on dot-in-a-rod core/shell nanorod (NR) structures embedded in transparent polymer matrices, with applications to protein crystallography, digital radiography and mammography, as well as a host of other important imaging and lighting applications. The goal is to achieve high spatial resolution, very fast time response, minimum afterglow, minimum self-absorption and excellent X-ray conversion efficiency. Our nano- composite phosphor screens will be X-ray tested by Radiation Monitoring Devices (RMD) and compared with equivalent spherical quantum dot (QD) screens and "conventional" micro-crystalline ZnSe:Cu,Cl and Gd2O2S:Tb phosphor screens. Although phosphor screens made from micron-sized phosphors are efficient, bright X-ray converters, their large particle size produces a great deal of scatter, which limits their spatial resolution. Preliminary theoretical and experimental studies show that nanophosphors in a transparent polymer-matrix screen exhibit significantly higher spatial resolution than micron-sized phosphor particles. Compared with spherical QDs, NR exhibits much larger Stokes shift to minimize self-absorption. In addition, their fast decay times and low afterglow characteristics will ensure response times orders of magnitude faster than existing phosphors. Moreover, to increase X-ray absorption, NR structures can be made from high-Z materials to increase X-ray absorption and their spectral emission tuned to match the spectral sensitivity of CCD sensors. Specifically in Phase I, we will prepare NR structures and related screening techniques, and quantify their X-ray photoluminescence performance. Success in Phase I will be proven if we can show that these NR structures are significantly better than existing micron-sized crystalline phosphors and conventional spherical quantum dots, in terms of spatial resolution, time resolution, and self-absorption. In Phase II, we will develop the techniques to synthesize large quantities of high quality nanocrystals, and optimize large screen characteristics for protein crystallography and medical imaging CCD detectors. NR-based X-ray converting films will have significant applications in digital radiography, crystallography, mammography, and various other biomedical imaging applications, enhancing their value to the NIH and to the molecular biology and medical communities as a whole. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed nanorod luminescent structures will significantly enhance the performance of X-ray imaging compared to current state-of-the art. They will have applications in digital radiography, crystallography, and various medical imaging applications, enhancing their value to the NIH and to the molecular biology and medical communities as a whole.

描述(申请人提供)：基于嵌入透明聚合物基质中的棒核/壳纳米棒(NR)结构，将开发一种新型高性能X射线荧光屏，应用于蛋白质结晶学、数字射线照相和乳房X光照相，以及许多其他重要的成像和照明应用。其目标是实现高空间分辨率、非常快的时间响应、最小的余辉、最小的自吸收和优异的X射线转换效率。我们的纳米复合荧光屏将由辐射监测设备(RMD)进行X射线测试，并与等效的球形量子点(QD)屏和“传统”的微晶锌硒：铜、氯和Gd2O2S：Tb荧光屏进行比较。虽然由微米级荧光粉制成的荧光屏是高效、明亮的X射线转换器，但它们的大颗粒会产生大量的散射，这限制了它们的空间分辨率。初步的理论和实验研究表明，在透明的聚合物基质屏幕中，纳米荧光粉的空间分辨率明显高于微米级的荧光粉颗粒。与球形量子点相比，NR表现出更大的斯托克斯位移以最小化自吸收。此外，它们的快速衰减时间和低余辉特性将确保响应时间比现有荧光粉快几个数量级。此外，为了增加X射线的吸收，可以用高Z值材料制成NR结构，以增加X射线的吸收，并将其光谱发射调整到与CCD传感器的光谱灵敏度相匹配。具体地说，在第一阶段，我们将制备天然橡胶结构和相关的筛选技术，并量化它们的X射线光致发光性能。如果我们能够证明这些NR结构在空间分辨率、时间分辨率和自吸收方面明显优于现有的微米级晶体荧光粉和传统的球形量子点，那么第一阶段的成功将被证明。在第二阶段，我们将开发合成大量高质量纳米晶体的技术，并优化蛋白质结晶学和医学成像CCD探测器的大屏幕特性。基于NR的X射线转换膜将在数字射线照相、结晶学、乳房X光照相和各种其他生物医学成像应用中有重要应用，提高它们对美国国立卫生研究院以及整个分子生物学和医学界的价值。 与公共健康相关：与当前最先进的技术相比，建议的纳米棒发光结构将显著提高X射线成像的性能。它们将在数字放射照相术、结晶学和各种医学成像应用中得到应用，提高它们对美国国立卫生研究院以及整个分子生物学和医学界的价值。