Center for the Study of Complex Malaria in India

描述（由申请人提供）：在印度这个世界上最大的民主国家和人口第二多的国家，疟疾仍然是一个巨大的公共卫生问题。位于新德里的印度国家疟疾研究所（NIMR）是印度唯一一家致力于通过基础、应用和业务实地研究寻找疟疾问题的短期和长期解决方案的研究所。印度复杂疟疾研究中心（CSCMi）将召集一组美国疟疾寄生虫研究领域的顶尖专家，与NIMR的教员协同工作。印度的疟疾是“复杂的”；两种主要的寄生虫感染的人数几乎相等，可以连续或同时出现在一个人身上。每个物种也有多个菌株（基因型），可以连续或同时感染。印度疟疾的复杂性、地区差异及其对疟疾严重程度和传播的影响是CSCMi的研究重点。CSCMi旨在开发知识、工具和基于证据的战略，以支持印度政府组织的干预和控制项目，并在印度建立研究能力，帮助培训下一代疟疾和蚊子媒介生物学家。CSCMi的研究包括三个项目：1)流行病学，2)传播，3)病理与诊断。项目1将依赖从3个生态和流行病学不同的NIMR实地站点招募的3000 （1000 × 3）名纵向追踪的不同疟疾有症状和无症状个体的多个血液样本。它将评估感染复杂性、寄生虫多样性和传播率如何影响免疫力。项目2将调查疟疾传播的生态和进化决定因素，以及新型抗进化生物杀虫剂在破坏简单和复杂疟疾传播方面的功效。项目3将部署下一代基因组学来研究感染的多样性和抗疟疾耐药克隆的兴起，并开发一种耐药寄生虫的诊断测试。CSCMi项目将由位于新德里Dwarka的NIMR新设施的行政、数据管理和基因组学核心提供支持。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In India, the world's largest democracy and second most populous country, malaria remains an enormous public health problem. The National Institute of Malaria Research (NIMR) in New Delhi is the only institute in India dedicated to finding short- and long-term solutions to the problem of malaria through basic, applied, and operational field research. The Center for the Study of Complex Malaria in India (CSCMi) will bring together a group of leading US experts in the fields of malaria parasite research to work in tandem with faculty at the NIMR. Malaria in India is 'complex'; two predominant species of parasite infect almost equal numbers of people, and may be present serially or concurrently in one person. Each species also has multiple strains (genotypes) that can serially or concurrently infect. Indian malaria complexity, its variation by location, and its consequences for malaria severity and transmission, are the research focus of the CSCMi, which aims to develop the knowledge, tools, and evidence-based strategies needed to support the intervention and control programs of Indian government organizations, and to build research capacity in India and help train its next generation of malaria and mosquito vector biologists. CSCMi research comprises three Projects: 1) Epidemiology, 2) Transmission, and 3) Pathology and Diagnosis. Project 1 will rely on multiple blood samples from 3000 (1000 x 3) longitudinally-tracked individuals, both symptomatic and asymptomatic for different malarias, recruited at three ecologically and epidemiologically diverse NIMR field sites. It will assess how infection complexity, parasite diversity, and transmission rate impact immunity. Project 2 will investigate ecological and evolutionary determinants of malaria transmission, and the efficacy of novel evolution-proof bio-insecticides for disrupting transmission of simple and complex malaria. Project 3 will deploy next-generation genomics to study multiplicity of infection and the rise of antimalarial drug-resistant clones, and to develop a diagnostic test for drug-resistant parasites. CSCMi projects will be supported by Administrative, Data Management, and Genomics Cores to be located at the NIMR's new facility in Dwarka, New Delhi.