Center for the Study of Complex Malaria in India

印度复杂疟疾研究中心

• 批准号: 10379252
• 负责人: JANE M CARLTON
• 金额: $ 103.04万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10379252
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Adoption; Adult; Affect; Area; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Belief; Caring; Clinic; Communities; Complement; Complex; Culicidae; Data; Diagnosis; Diffusion; Disease; Education; Effectiveness; Epidemiology; Face; Focus Groups; Fostering; Funding; Goals; Grant; Health; Health Personnel; Health system; Household; India; Indigenous; Infection; Insecticides; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Life Style; Malaria; Malaria prevention; Maps; Measures; Methods; Names; Network-based; Observational Study; Parents; Pathway Analysis; Perception; Persons; Policy Maker; Prevention; Preventive measure; Public Health; Recommendation; Reporting; Research Design; Residual state; Resistance; Sampling; Side; Site; Social Behavior; Social Network; Surveys; behavior change; design; epidemiology study; ethnographic method; improved; member; preventive intervention; programs; social; social structure; tool; trend; uptake; vector

STUDY TYPE 2: SUMMARY The goal of this project is to conduct mixed methods, social network-based, socio-behavioral studies to determine what types of malaria-preventive interventions reduce malaria through good coverage and use, and to identify demand and/or supply side barriers to malaria control measures in the northeastern state of Meghalaya, India. In this area the malaria situation is dynamic. Cases steadily increased from 2012-2015, but since then there has been a downward trend, and 2017 had the fewest cases ever reported. This steep decline has been attributed to the distribution of long-lasting insecticide impregnated bednets (LLINs) in 2016 and partial adoption of indoor residual spraying (IRS) with DDT. Nevertheless, residual cases remain endemic, and to design an appropriate elimination strategy, we must try to understand the reasons for these cases. Data from the Meghalaya Department of Health Malaria Division and from the Center for the Study of Complex Malaria in India (CSCMi) ongoing epidemiology studies suggest that community resistance to IRS, misuse of LLINs, unprotected outdoor activity, and hidden reservoirs of asymptomatic, submicroscopic, and hypnozoite infections all contribute to the endemic persistence of malaria. At Barato PHC (primary health center) and Nonglang PHC in Meghalaya, 10 villages in each site will be subjects of epidemiological studies funded through the parent CSCMi 2.0 grant. In Aim 1 we plan to examine how malaria-preventive measures are adopted in practice, using ethnographic methods of non-participant observations; in Aim 2 we will explore the cultural and social barriers preventive measures may face, using qualitative interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs); and in Aim 3 we will assess which community members are most likely to influence villagers to accept or reject such measures, using social network analysis surveys. When these Aims have been concluded, their findings will be summarized and integrated with those of other CSCMi studies (epidemiology, vector) underway at the Barato and Nonglang PHCs into a malaria situation analysis for the villages involved. This will yield a better understanding of the focal malaria epidemiology, as well as barriers and opportunities to current interventions used (e.g., LLINs, IRS), and possibilities for additional interventions (e.g., treatment of household members of malaria cases). It will also enable us to provide recommendations to the state malaria control program for additional measures that are likely to foster or improve the effectiveness of IRS and LLINs, with the long-term objective of complete elimination of malaria in Meghalaya.

研究类型2：总结 该项目的目标是进行混合方法，基于社会网络的社会行为研究， 确定哪些类型的疟疾预防干预措施通过良好的覆盖率和使用减少疟疾， 以确定东北部巴伊亚州疟疾控制措施的需求和/或供应方面的障碍， 印度，梅加拉亚。在这一地区，疟疾的情况是动态的。从2012年到2015年，病例稳步增加，但 自那时以来，这种情况一直呈下降趋势，2017年报告的病例最少。这种急剧下降 原因是2016年分发了长效杀虫剂浸渍蚊帐， 部分采用含滴滴涕的室内滞留喷洒。尽管如此，剩余病例仍然是地方病， 要设计适当的消除策略，我们必须设法了解这些情况的原因。数据 来自梅加拉亚卫生部疟疾司和复杂的研究中心 印度疟疾（CSCMi）正在进行的流行病学研究表明，社区对IRS的抗药性，滥用 LLINs、无保护的户外活动和无症状、亚显微镜和催眠虫的隐藏储存库 所有这些感染都导致疟疾的地方性持续存在。在Barato PHC（初级保健中心）， 在梅加拉亚的农朗初级保健中心，每个地点的10个村庄将成为资助的流行病学研究的对象 通过父CSCMi 2.0授权。在目标1中，我们计划研究疟疾预防措施的效果 在实践中采用，使用非参与性观察的民族志方法;在目标2中，我们将探讨 利用定性访谈和焦点小组，分析预防措施可能面临的文化和社会障碍 在目标3中，我们将评估哪些社区成员最有可能影响 村民接受或拒绝这种措施，使用社会网络分析调查。当这些目标 结论，他们的研究结果将被总结并与其他CSCMi研究的结果相结合 （流行病学、病媒）纳入2010年疟疾形势分析， 参与的村庄。这将使人们更好地了解疟疾流行病学的重点， 以及当前使用的干预措施的机会（例如，长效驱虫蚊帐、室内滞留喷雾杀虫剂）以及其他干预措施的可能性 (e.g.,治疗疟疾病例的家庭成员）。它还将使我们能够提供建议， 国家疟疾控制计划，以采取可能促进或提高有效性的额外措施， 长期目标是在梅加拉亚彻底消灭疟疾。