STRUCTURE FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN POLYSACCHARIDES AND POLYSACCHARIDE-BLENDS

这个子项目是许多利用 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 多糖是一类独特的生物聚合物。它们是海洋甲壳类动物、植物、藻类和微生物壁的主要结构组成部分。它们具有广泛的不同化学结构，并表现出各种独特的分子结构，导致单，双和三螺旋的片和螺旋。它们构成了可再生资源的大量来源，为人类提供了各种各样的有益功能，特别是在用于组织工程的生物材料、药物载体和营养药物的受控释放领域，仅举几例。特别是它们的特殊性质，如可再生性，生物降解性和生物活性，催生了新应用的发展。这些多糖中的许多是水溶性的，并且能够显著改变水基溶液的流变学，例如食品分散体的质地、增稠、胶凝、粘度、乳化、水合和物理稳定性，并且发现食品、化妆品、生物医学和制药应用的范围。目前的建议是关于确定一些生物学上重要的和工业上有用的多糖和多糖共混物的分子结构及其与溶剂和溶质分子的相互作用。该研究包括多糖如I-角叉菜胶、κ-角叉菜胶、λ-角叉菜胶、洋葱、半乳葡甘露聚糖、玉米阿拉伯木聚糖和车前子，以及二元体系如丙酮：葡甘露聚糖、黄原胶：葡甘露聚糖、黄原胶：半乳甘露聚糖、玉米阿拉伯木聚糖：半乳甘露聚糖、I-角叉菜胶：半乳甘露聚糖和κ-角叉菜胶-半乳甘露聚糖。为了获得关于小分子与多糖骨架之间的内在相互作用的知识，我们的第二个目标是集中在利用FDA批准的食品多糖与小药物分子以及营养品组合的几种聚合物共晶的结构表征上。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Polysaccharides comprise a distinct class of biopolymers. They form major structural components of the walls of marine crustaceans, plants, algae and microorganisms. They have extensive group of different chemical structures and exhibit a wide variety of unique molecular structures leading to sheets and spirals of single, double and triple helices. They constitute a large source of renewable resources offering a wide variety of beneficial functionalities to mankind, especially in the domain of biomaterials for tissue engineering, drug vehicles, and controlled release of nutraceuticals, to name a few. In particular their special properties such as renewability, biodegrability and biological activity spawn the development of novel applications. Many of these polysaccharides are water soluble and are capable of significantly altering the rheology of aqueous based solutions such as texture, thickening, gelling, viscosity, emulsifying, hydrating and physical stability of food dispersions, and find a gamut of food, cosmetic, biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. The current proposal is about determining the molecular architecture of a number of biologically important and industrially useful polysaccharides and polysaccharide-blends and their interactions with solvent and solute molecules. The study includes polysaccharides such as iota-carrageenan, kappa-carrageenan, lambda carrageenan, cepacian, galactoglucomannan, corn arabinoxylan and psyllium, and binary systems such as acetan:glucomannan, xanthan:glucomannan, xanthan:galactomanna, corn arabinoxylan:galactomannan,iota-carrageenan:galactomannan and kappa-carrageenan-galactomannan. In order to gain knowledge about the intrinsic interactions between the small molecules with the polysaccharide backbone, our second aim is centered on structural characterization of several polymeric cocrystals utilizing FDA approved food polysaccharides combined with small drug molecules as well as nutraceuticals.