STRUCTURE FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN POLYSACCHARIDES AND POLYSACCHARIDE-BLENDS

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 多糖构成了一类不同的生物聚合物。它们构成了海洋甲壳类、植物、藻类和微生物壁的主要结构成分。它们具有广泛的一组不同的化学结构，并显示出各种独特的分子结构，导致单螺旋、双螺旋和三螺旋的片状和螺旋状。它们构成了大量的可再生资源，为人类提供了各种有益的功能，特别是在组织工程、药物载体和营养食品的控制释放等生物材料领域。尤其是其特殊的性质，如可再生性、生物降解性和生物活性，催生了新型应用的发展。其中许多多糖是水溶性的，能够显著改变水基溶液的流变性，如质地、增稠、胶凝、粘度、乳化、水合和食品分散体的物理稳定性，并在食品、化妆品、生物医学和制药方面有广泛的应用。目前的建议是关于确定一些具有生物重要性和工业用途的多糖和多糖混合物的分子结构以及它们与溶剂和溶质分子的相互作用。这项研究包括卡拉胶、洋葱、半乳甘露聚糖、玉米阿拉伯木聚糖和木耳等多糖，以及丙酸：葡甘聚糖、黄原胶：葡甘聚糖、黄原胶：半乳甘露糖、玉米阿拉伯木聚糖：半乳甘露糖、卡拉胶：半乳甘露糖和卡帕-卡拉胶-半乳甘露糖等二元体系。为了了解小分子与多糖骨架之间的内在相互作用，我们的第二个目标是利用FDA批准的食品多糖与小药物分子以及营养食品相结合的几种聚合物共晶体的结构表征。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Polysaccharides comprise a distinct class of biopolymers. They form major structural components of the walls of marine crustaceans, plants, algae and microorganisms. They have extensive group of different chemical structures and exhibit a wide variety of unique molecular structures leading to sheets and spirals of single, double and triple helices. They constitute a large source of renewable resources offering a wide variety of beneficial functionalities to mankind, especially in the domain of biomaterials for tissue engineering, drug vehicles, and controlled release of nutraceuticals, to name a few. In particular their special properties such as renewability, biodegrability and biological activity spawn the development of novel applications. Many of these polysaccharides are water soluble and are capable of significantly altering the rheology of aqueous based solutions such as texture, thickening, gelling, viscosity, emulsifying, hydrating and physical stability of food dispersions, and find a gamut of food, cosmetic, biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. The current proposal is about determining the molecular architecture of a number of biologically important and industrially useful polysaccharides and polysaccharide-blends and their interactions with solvent and solute molecules. The study includes polysaccharides such as iota-carrageenan, kappa-carrageenan, lambda carrageenan, cepacian, galactoglucomannan, corn arabinoxylan and psyllium, and binary systems such as acetan:glucomannan, xanthan:glucomannan, xanthan:galactomanna, corn arabinoxylan:galactomannan,iota-carrageenan:galactomannan and kappa-carrageenan-galactomannan. In order to gain knowledge about the intrinsic interactions between the small molecules with the polysaccharide backbone, our second aim is centered on structural characterization of several polymeric cocrystals utilizing FDA approved food polysaccharides combined with small drug molecules as well as nutraceuticals.