STRUCTURE FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN POLYSACCHARIDES AND POLYSACCHARIDE-BLENDS

多糖和多糖混合物中的结构功能关系

• 批准号: 8363690
• 负责人: SRINIVAS JANASWAMY
• 金额: $ 3.62万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8363690
• 关键词: Algae; Architecture; Behavior; Biological; Biopolymers; Carrageenan; Chemical Structure; Complex; Cosmetics; Crustacea; Development; Drug Interactions; Drug vehicle; Exhibits; Fiber; Food; Funding; Gel; Grant; Knowledge; Life; Marines; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Structure; Names; National Center for Research Resources; Nutraceutical; Organism; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacologic Substance; Plants; Polysaccharides; Principal Investigator; Property; Psyllium; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Sampling; Shapes; Solutions; Solvents; Source; Structure-Activity Relationship; System; Texture; Tissue Engineering; United States National Institutes of Health; Vertebral column; Viscosity; Vitamins; Water; aqueous; base; controlled release; cost; galactomannan; gellan; insight; iota Carrageenan; lambda Carrageenan; microorganism; novel; small molecule; solute; structural biology; triple helix; xanthan gum

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Polysaccharides comprise a distinct class of biopolymers produced universally among the living organisms. They form structural components of walls of marine crustaceans plants algae and microorganisms. They have different chemical structures and exhibit a wide variety of molecular arrangements resulting in sheets and spirals of single double and triple helices. Further they constitute a large source of renewable resources offering a variety of beneficial functionalities to mankind especially in the domain of tissue engineering drug vehicles encapsulation and controlled release of nutraceuticals to name a few. In particular their special properties such as renewability biodegrability and biological activity spawn the development of novel applications. Many of them are water soluble and are capable of significantly altering the functionality of aqueous based solutions such as texture thickening gelling viscosity emulsifying hydrating and physical stability of food dispersions and find a gamut of food cosmetic biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. In this regard a detailed understanding about the structural diversity and fundamental knowledge of polysaccharides architecture with insights about their shape and atomic level interactions aids in understanding as well as predicting their macroscopic behavior mainly related to their end-use applications. The current proposal is about determining the molecular structure and packing arrangement of a number of biologically important and industrially useful polysaccharides polysaccharide-blends and their interactions with solvent and solute molecules. The study includes polysaccharides such as iota-carrageenan kappa-carrageenan lambda-carrageenan corn arabinoxylan and psyllium and binary systems such as acetan:glucomannan xanthan:glucomannan xanthan:galactomanna corn arabinoxylan:galactomannan iota-carrageenan:galactomannan and kappa-carrageenan-galactomannan. Further our recent research demonstrates that drug molecules nutraceuticals and vitamins can be embedded in the crystalline lattice of iota-carrageenan leading to novel polymeric cocrystals. These materials are highly soluble in water compared to iota-carrageenan that displays gelation behavior. Further the thermal properties suggest that the entrapped molecules are protected by the carrageenan molecules from the external perturbations and these complexes have the potential to serve as control delivery vehicles. In order to gain knowledge about the intrinsic interactions between the small molecules with the polysaccharide backbone so as to understanding their release profile from the polysaccharide matrix we are focusing on the structural characterization of several polymeric cocrystals. The polysaccharides such as iota-carrageenan kappa-carrageenan lambda-carrageenan gellan and xanthan are chosen as model samples as they are utilized in food systems for a longtime upon FDA approval combined with small drug molecules nutraceuticals and vitamins. We strongly believe that the structural results obtained from this study would be helpful in unraveling the polysaccharide:drug interactions towards the development of novel carriers utilizing polysaccharide fibers.

这个子项目是许多利用资源的研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 而子项目的主要调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其它NIH来源。 列出的子项目总成本可能 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 而不是由NCRR赠款提供给子项目或子项目工作人员的直接资金。 多糖包括在活生物体中普遍产生的独特类别的生物聚合物。它们构成海洋甲壳类动物、植物、藻类和微生物壁的结构成分。它们具有不同的化学结构，并表现出各种各样的分子排列，导致单、双和三螺旋的片和螺旋。此外，它们构成了可再生资源的大量来源，为人类提供了各种有益的功能，特别是在组织工程药物载体包封和营养品的控释领域，仅举几例。特别是它们的特殊性质，如可再生性、生物降解性和生物活性，促进了新应用的发展。它们中的许多是水溶性的，并且能够显著地改变水基溶液的功能性，例如食品分散体的质地增稠、胶凝、粘度乳化、水合和物理稳定性，并且发现食品、化妆品、生物医学和制药应用的范围。在这方面，对多糖结构的结构多样性和基本知识的详细理解，以及对其形状和原子水平相互作用的见解，有助于理解和预测其主要与其最终用途应用相关的宏观行为。目前的建议是关于确定一些生物学上重要的和工业上有用的多糖-多糖共混物的分子结构和堆积排列以及它们与溶剂和溶质分子的相互作用。该研究包括多糖如I-角叉菜胶、κ-角叉菜胶、葡甘露聚糖、玉米阿拉伯木聚糖和欧车前，以及二元体系如丙酮：葡甘露聚糖、黄原胶：葡甘露聚糖、黄原胶：半乳甘露聚糖、玉米阿拉伯木聚糖：半乳甘露聚糖、I-角叉菜胶：半乳甘露聚糖和κ-角叉菜胶-半乳甘露聚糖。此外，我们最近的研究表明，药物分子，营养保健品和维生素可以嵌入到iota-卡拉胶的晶格中，导致新的聚合物共晶。与显示凝胶化行为的I-角叉菜胶相比，这些材料高度溶于水。此外，热性质表明，包埋的分子受到角叉菜胶分子的保护，免受外部扰动，这些复合物具有作为控制递送载体的潜力。为了获得有关小分子与多糖骨架之间的内在相互作用的知识，以便了解它们从多糖基质中的释放曲线，我们专注于几种聚合物共晶的结构表征。选择多糖如I-角叉菜胶、K-角叉菜胶、葡聚糖-角叉菜胶、结冷胶和黄原胶作为模型样品，因为它们在FDA批准后与小药物分子营养品和维生素组合用于食品系统中很长时间。我们坚信，从这项研究中获得的结构结果将有助于解开多糖：药物相互作用对开发新的载体利用多糖纤维。