Basic Research in Personality: Molecular Genetics of Personality

人格基础研究：人格的分子遗传学

• 批准号: 8335783
• 负责人: Susan Resnick
• 金额: $ 17.3万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8335783
• 关键词: Accounting; Adoption; Anxiety; Attention; Basic Science; Biological; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Candidate Disease Gene; Complex; Dimensions; Disease; Family; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Polymorphism; Genome; Heritability; Life; Link; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Molecular Genetics; Neurotic Disorders; Outcome; Personality; Personality Traits; Research; Sampling; Testing; Time; Twin Multiple Birth; Variant; genetic variant; genome wide association study; insight; serotonin transporter; trait

Personality traits are summarized by five broad dimensions with pervasive influences on major life outcomes, strong links to psychiatric disorders and clear heritable components. Identifying the genetic variants associated with personality traits remains challenging. A large number of studies have tested several candidate genes, especially for the Neuroticism factor, with mixed results. Two study completed during this time period sought to determine whether polymorphisms in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) genes were associated with the broad factor of Neuroticism, and the more specific components of depression and anxiety-related traits. In recent years, attention has turned to genome wide association studies (GWAS), which search across the entire genome for common variants that contribute to quantitative traits and diseases. The results from these studies suggest that a large number of genes contribute to complex traits, and each common variant explains only a small fraction of the trait heritability. To increase power, current research meta-analytically combines the GWAS results from multiple samples to identify the genetic variants associated with the five major dimensions of personality (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness) and the facets that compose each factor.

人格特质由五个广泛的维度概括，对主要生活结果具有普遍影响，与精神疾病有密切联系，并且具有明确的遗传成分。 识别与人格特征相关的遗传变异仍然具有挑战性。 大量的研究已经测试了几个候选基因，特别是神经质因素，结果好坏参半。在此期间完成的两项研究试图确定脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）和5-羟色胺转运体（5-HTT）基因的多态性是否与神经质的广泛因素以及抑郁和焦虑相关特征的更具体成分相关。 近年来，人们的注意力转向了全基因组关联研究（GWAS），该研究在整个基因组中搜索导致数量性状和疾病的常见变异。这些研究的结果表明，大量的基因对复杂的性状有贡献，每个常见的变异只能解释性状遗传力的一小部分。为了增加力量，目前的研究荟萃分析结合了来自多个样本的GWAS结果，以确定与人格的五个主要维度（神经质，外向性，开放性，可接受性和尽责性）以及组成每个因素的方面相关的遗传变异。