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Acquisition and extinction of affective bias in perception: A single trial approa

知觉中情感偏差的获得和消除：单一试验方法

基本信息

批准号：
8312151
负责人：
MINGZHOU DING
金额：
$ 34.55万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-04-02 至 2017-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8312151
关键词：
Address Affective Algorithms Amygdaloid structure Anger Animals Anxiety Anxiety Disorders Area Attention Behavior Behavioral Biomedical Engineering Brain Brain region Categories Clinical Clinical Research Cognitive Computing Methodologies Cues Diagnostic Discrimination Disease Electroencephalogram Emotional Emotions Etiology Event Evolution Extinction (Psychology)Face Fright Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Galvanic Skin Response Goals Heart Rate Human Insula of Reil Interdisciplinary Study Knowledge Laboratories Learning Maintenance Measures Mediating Mental Health Mental disorders Methods Modeling Mood Disorders Neuroanatomy Neurons Neurosciences Patient Self-Report Patients Perception Physiological Prefrontal Cortex Process Psychophysiology Research Project Grants Role Sensory Signal Transduction Snakes Spiders Stimulus Symptoms Testing Time Training Validation Visual Visual Cortex Visual system structure base conditioned fear conditioning emotional experience emotional stimulus experience human data indexing learning extinction neurofeedback neuromechanism neurophysiology novel relating to nervous system response stimulus processing treatment effect visual information visual process visual processing visual stimulus

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Clinical neuroscience studies have suggested that dysfunctional reactivity of the brain circuits mediating emotion may be a key factor in the etiology and maintenance of many psychiatric disorders. It is also well established that the sensory cortical response to emotional stimuli is an important part of a cascade of events - physiological, cognitive, and behavioral - that define emotional reactivity in humans. For instance, anxiety patients show visual responses that are both biased towards threat cues and lacking discriminative accuracy. Mechanistic knowledge is needed that addresses the question of how such perceptual biases towards threat features are acquired (and unlearned) in the human visual system. This has been difficult because reliable methods to quantify single trials of neural activity are not available at this time. In this multidisciplinary research project, we propose to use novel computational and experimental approaches to fill this gap. We aim to objectively characterize and quantify - on a trial by trial basis - the temporal evolution of neura changes in the human visual system that accompany the acquisition and extinction of conditioned fear. An objective and reliable description of the time course of visual changes during fear learning will assist in ongoing efforts aiming to develop objective diagnostic categories of fear disorders, to understand and quantify effects of treatment, and to develop new forms of attention/perception trainings in the fear and anxiety disorders. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Many psychiatric disorders are characterized by heightened attention and perception of threat-related visual information, and such perceptual biases are also seen in healthy observers facing a threatening visual stimulus. Using novel methods in biomedical engineering and neurophysiology, this multidisciplinary research project examines how healthy observers acquire perceptual biases during classical fear conditioning, and how these biases can be eliminated through extinction learning. Finding reliable and valid quantitative neural parameters of fear learning is important for the objective assessment of brain circuitry underlying anxiety disorders in humans, and it also has the potential of establishing neurofeedback treatments whose aim is to alter the functional neuroanatomy of fear.

描述（由申请人提供）：临床神经科学研究表明，调节情绪的脑回路的功能失调反应性可能是许多精神疾病病因和维持的关键因素。我们也很清楚，感觉皮层对情绪刺激的反应是一系列事件——生理、认知和行为——的重要组成部分，这些事件定义了人类的情绪反应。例如，焦虑患者表现出的视觉反应既偏向于威胁线索，又缺乏辨别的准确性。需要机械知识来解决人类视觉系统中对威胁特征的感知偏差是如何获得（和未学习）的问题。这很困难，因为目前还没有可靠的方法来量化神经活动的单次试验。在这个多学科研究项目中，我们建议使用新颖的计算和实验方法来填补这一空白。我们的目标是客观地描述和量化-在一个又一个试验的基础上-人类视觉系统中伴随条件性恐惧的获得和消失的神经变化的时间进化。对恐惧学习过程中视觉变化的时间过程进行客观可靠的描述，将有助于开发恐惧障碍的客观诊断类别，理解和量化治疗效果，以及开发恐惧和焦虑障碍中注意力/感知训练的新形式。