Optimizing Initial Communication for Children with Autism

优化自闭症儿童的初始沟通

• 批准号: 8325640
• 负责人: WILLIAM J MCILVANE
• 金额: $ 34.85万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8325640
• 关键词: Acoustic Stimulation; Age; Applied Research; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Augmentative and Alternative Communication; Autistic Disorder; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Child; Clinical; Cochlear Implants; Cochlear implant procedure; Collaborations; Communication; Complement; Comprehension; Data; Development; Devices; Discrimination; Effectiveness; Exhibits; Five-Year Plans; Foundations; Funding; Goals; Hearing; International; Intervention; Language; Lead; Learning; Maps; Methodology; Methods; Neurodevelopmental Disability; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Outcome; Population; Population Study; Procedures; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Secure; Sensory Deprivation; Shapes; Source; Stimulus; Structure; Technology; Therapeutic Studies; Training; Translational Research; Visual; alternative communication; auditory discrimination; autism spectrum disorder; base; cost; deafness; design; novel; programs; response; skills; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Behavioral Variability Management in Beginning Communicators This application seeks support to continue a long-term program of study aimed at effective management of behavioral variability in response to procedures designed to establish behavioral prerequisites for symbolic communication in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Our primary study population will be children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) who exhibit little or no apparent comprehension of spoken language and whose primary mode of communication is nonverbal. A major goal of our program has been and will continue to be to assess the potential of such children to exhibit true symbolic relations, defined operationally in terms of equivalence between physically dissimilar stimuli (e.g., between symbol and referent). A second goal, emphasized in the present project, will be to uncover and manage sources of behavioral variability in acquisition of symbolic relations. To structure our program, we will extend an approach that has achieved a directly related goal with stimulus equivalence defined by shared physical features (i.e., stimulus relations based on physical identity/similarity). Our targets will include: (a) auditory perception, discrimination, and relational learning, (b) basic and emergent symbol-referent mapping, and (c) intra- and cross-modal equivalence class formation. To supplement and complement our studies of children with ASDs, we will expand an international partnership with researchers in Brasil who are pursuing directly related research. Via this partnership, we will be able to include at little added cost a population of children with pre-lingual deafness who are recent recipients of devices that establish hearing capabilities (e.g., cochlear implants). These children also exhibit variability in acquisition of symbolic relations, thus presenting a contrast population whose symbolic relational deficits are attributable to sensory deprivation rather than ASDs. Results of our studies are likely to have significance not only for theory but also for clinical intervention with children who show deficits in acquiring symbolic relations, particularly those children who are or who may become candidates for augmentative/alternative communication training.

描述(由申请人提供)：初级沟通中的行为可变性管理这项申请寻求支持，以继续一项旨在有效管理行为可变性的长期研究计划，以回应旨在为神经发育障碍儿童建立象征性沟通的行为先决条件的程序。我们的主要研究人群将是患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的儿童，他们对口语表现出很少或没有明显的理解，他们的主要交流方式是非语言的。我们项目的一个主要目标一直是并将继续评估这类儿童表现出真正符号关系的潜力，这种关系在操作上是根据物理上不同刺激之间的等价性(例如，符号和所指之间)来定义的。本项目强调的第二个目标将是发现和管理符号关系习得中行为变异性的来源。为了构建我们的计划，我们将扩展一种方法，该方法已经实现了与由共享物理特征(即，基于物理身份/相似性的刺激关系)定义的刺激等效性直接相关的目标。我们的目标将包括：(A)听觉感知、辨别和关系学习，(B)基本和紧急的符号参照映射，以及(C)通道内和跨通道对等类别的形成。为了补充和补充我们对患有自闭症儿童的研究，我们将扩大与巴西研究人员的国际伙伴关系，他们正在进行直接相关的研究。通过这一伙伴关系，我们将能够以很少的额外成本包括最近接受建立听力功能的设备(例如，人工耳蜗)的一批语前聋儿童。这些儿童在符号关系的习得上也表现出多样性，因此呈现出一个对比人群，他们的符号关系缺陷可归因于感觉剥夺而不是自闭症。我们的研究结果可能不仅对理论上有意义，而且对那些在获得符号关系方面存在缺陷的儿童，特别是那些正在或可能成为增强性/替代沟通训练候选人的儿童进行临床干预具有重要意义。