Interparental Conflict And Functional Neural Networks In Infancy

婴儿期的父母间冲突和功能神经网络

• 批准号: 8321249
• 负责人: Alice M Graham
• 金额: $ 3.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OREGON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-15 至 2013-07-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8321249
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Age-Months; Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Apple; Area; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Markers; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Brain region; Caregivers; Child; Childhood; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Development; Disease; Early identification; Emotional; Environmental Risk Factor; Exposure to; Family; Fellowship; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Hormonal; Individual; Infant; Investigation; Lead; Life; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Medial; Mental disorders; Methods; Neurobiology; Neurologic; Neuronal Plasticity; Outcome; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Peripheral; Physiological; Play; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Premature Birth; Premature Infant; Preventive Intervention; Process; Program Evaluation; Psychopathology; Regulation; Reliance; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Scanning; School-Age Population; Skin; Sleep; Stress; System; Techniques; Time; Training; Translational Research; Work; base; biological adaptation to stress; biological systems; cingulate cortex; critical period; emotion regulation; environmental stressor; indexing; infancy; innovation; myelination; neurodevelopment; neuroimaging; relating to nervous system; stressor; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Interparental conflict is a common early environmental stressor with potential long-term consequences for emotional development and risk for psychopathology. Current research findings suggest that interparental conflict is associated with behavioral and physiological indices of emotion regulation during infancy (Crockenberg, Leerkes, & Lekka, 2007; Moore, 2010). Further, differences in biological systems associated with conflict during infancy have been identified as moderators of risk for school-aged children exposed to conflict (El-Sheikh et al., 2009). However, researchers have not yet explicated how exposure to conflict during infancy may get "under the skin" to affect development of key neural systems. In the proposed study, we will utilize a neuroimaging technique, resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging, to examine differences in functional neural networks between infants from high and low conflict families. The cortical and limbic (cortico-limbic) level of the biological stress response system and a set of functionally connected regions known to be more activated during rest states, the default network (Raichle et al., 2001), will constitute the focus of this study due to evidence linking the development of these networks both to early adversity and to risk for psychopathology. This work will build on the applicant's ongoing study of two groups of 6- to 12-month- olds screened for high and low interparental conflict. Within this study, fMRI scans are conducted with infants during natural sleep. The purpose of the proposed investigation is to examine whether, among infants from high conflict families, regions of the cortico-limbic network involved in emotional reactivity are less functionally connected to regions important for regulatory processes. We will also investigate whether functional connectivity between regions of the default network previously shown to be less established in preterm infants (Smyser et al., 2010) will be less strong in infants from high conflict families. The current study represents a step towards examining common early environmental stressors in terms of potential consequences for neural networks that have been implicated in mental health disorders. Eventually, such work may facilitate the identification of targets for prevention and intervention and provide a basis for program evaluation in terms of reducing risk at a biological level. The proposed fellowship training covers stress neurobiology in the context of environmental risk, fMRI methods with challenging populations, and rs-fcMRI analyses. Training also focuses on the collaborative process that plays a central role in translational research.

描述（由申请人提供）：父母之间的冲突是一种常见的早期环境压力源，对情感发展和精神病理有潜在的长期影响。目前的研究结果表明，父母之间的冲突与婴儿时期情绪调节的行为和生理指标有关（Crockenberg, Leerkes, & Lekka, 2007; Moore, 2010）。此外，与婴儿期冲突相关的生物系统差异已被确定为学龄儿童暴露于冲突风险的调节因素（El-Sheikh et al., 2009）。然而，研究人员还没有解释婴儿时期的冲突是如何影响关键神经系统的发育的。在我们提出的研究中，我们将利用一种神经成像技术，静息状态功能连接磁共振成像，来研究高冲突家庭和低冲突家庭中婴儿的功能神经网络差异。生物应激反应系统的皮质和边缘（皮质边缘）水平以及一组已知在休息状态下更活跃的功能连接区域，默认网络（Raichle et al., 2001），将构成本研究的重点，因为有证据表明这些网络的发展与早期逆境和精神病理风险有关。这项工作将建立在申请人正在进行的两组6至12个月大的婴儿的研究基础上，对父母之间的高冲突和低冲突进行筛选。在这项研究中，对处于自然睡眠状态的婴儿进行功能磁共振成像扫描。本研究的目的是研究在高冲突家庭的婴儿中，涉及情绪反应的皮质边缘网络区域是否与调节过程重要区域的功能联系较少。我们还将调查在早产儿中显示较不成熟的默认网络区域之间的功能连通性（Smyser et al., 2010）是否会在高冲突家庭的婴儿中较不强大。目前的研究表明，从对神经网络的潜在影响来看，研究早期常见的环境压力因素对精神健康障碍的影响迈出了一步。最终，这项工作可能有助于确定预防和干预的目标，并为在生物水平上降低风险的项目评估提供基础。提议的奖学金培训包括环境风险背景下的压力神经生物学，具有挑战性人群的fMRI方法以及rs-fcMRI分析。培训还侧重于在转化研究中发挥核心作用的协作过程。