COBRE: UID: PILOT: RELATIONSHIPS AMONG TIME POSTPARTUM

这个子项目是利用资源的许多研究子项目之一。 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。对子项目的主要支持 子项目的首席调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括美国国立卫生研究院的其他来源。为子项目列出的总成本可能 表示该子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 不是由NCRR赠款提供给次级项目或次级项目工作人员的直接资金。 人类微生物组计划(HMP)已经确定了人体中存在不同共生(“友好”)微生物群落的许多位置；越来越多的文献表明， 这些社区与短期和长期健康有关。不在HMP名单上的一个地点是哺乳期乳房，尽管乳房和牛奶中存在共生微生物群可能会对母亲和孩子的健康产生重大影响。我们的初步数据表明，事实上，哺乳期妇女的牛奶确实有丰富多样的微生物群。因此，母乳喂养的婴儿不仅从牛奶中获得营养物质和其他生物活性成分，而且还接种了细菌。AS 因此，母乳喂养的一些健康益处，如降低婴儿肥胖和过敏的风险以及妇女患乳腺癌的风险，可能与乳汁/乳房微生物区系的变化有关。我们建议将我们对这一独特微生物群的初步分析扩展到调查变化(或缺乏 在产后的前4个月，与乳房上皮和婴儿胃肠道(口腔和粪便)上发现的微生物区系之间的关系。这将使我们能够确定每个部位的相应变化和细菌的可能来源(S)。此外，我们还将把丰富性和 乳汁/乳房微生物群与牛奶中营养成分的多样性、产妇的膳食摄入量、产次、分娩方式以及其他人体测量数据，如产妇的体重指数。从这些研究中收集到的长期公共健康益处最终可能延伸到儿童和成人肥胖率的降低，因为 以及乳房疾病(如乳房炎和乳腺癌)。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. The Human Microbiome Project (HMP) has identified many sites in the human body where diverse communities of commensal ("friendly") microbiota exist; and a growing literature suggests that variations in these communities are related to short- and long-term health. One site not on the HMP list is the lactating breast, although the presence of commensal microbiota in the mammary gland and milk would likely have significant impacts the health of both the mother and child. Our preliminary data demonstrate that milk from lactating women does, in fact, have a rich and diverse microbiome. The breastfed infant, therefore, receives not only the nutrients and other biologically active components from milk but also an inoculum of bacteria. As such, it is possible that some of the health benefits of breastfeeding, such as reductions of risk for obesity and allergy in the infant and breast cancer in women, are related to variations in milk/mammary microbiota. We propose to extend our preliminary analysis of this unique microbiome to investigate changes (or lack thereof) during the first 4 mo postpartum and relationships with microbiota found on breast epithelia as well as the infant's gastrointestinal tract (mouth and feces). This will allow us to determine the corresponding changes in each site and possible source(s) of the bacteria. Additionally, we will relate the richness and diversity of the milk/mammary microbiome with nutrients in milk, maternal dietary intake, parity, delivery mode, and other anthropometric data such as maternal body mass index. Long-term public health benefits gleaned from these studies may ultimately extend to a reduction in rates of childhood and adult obesity as well as breast disease (e.g., mastitis and breast cancer).