Glycemic Load and Resistance Training on Endothelial Function and Inflammation

血糖负荷和阻力训练对内皮功能和炎症的影响

• 批准号: 8241937
• 负责人: CHRISTIAN K Roberts
• 金额: $ 64.56万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-04-01 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8241937
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adherence; Aerobic; Alternative Therapies; American; Area; Biological Markers; Blood Glucose; Blood Vessels; Body Composition; Carbohydrates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caring; Chronic; Comorbidity; Coronary heart disease; Data; Development; Diabetes prevention; Diet; Diet Modification; Dietary Component; Effectiveness; Epidemic; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Exercise; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Flow Cytometry; Functional disorder; Future; Glucose; Glycemic Index; Health; Healthcare; Hepatic; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Inflammatory Response; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Intervention Trial; Knowledge; Left; Life Style; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mediating; Metabolic; Metabolic syndrome; Monitor; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Oxidative Stress; Pathology; Patients; Phenotype; Plasma; Population; Prevention strategy; Preventive; Primary Prevention; Protein Analysis; Public Health; RNA; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Research Design; Resistance; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Specificity; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; Translating; Variant; Visceral; Work; brachial artery; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular risk factor; combat; cytokine; design; diabetes prevention program; diabetes risk; diabetic; dietary control; efficacy testing; efficacy trial; follow-up; glucose monitor; glucose tolerance; high standard; improved; inflammatory marker; insight; insulin sensitivity; intravenous glucose tolerance test; monocyte; novel; novel therapeutics; nutrition; public health relevance; response; strength training; young adult; young man; young woman

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project is prompted by the urgent public health need to find optimal nutrition and exercise prevention strategies to reduce future cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risk in young adults. This project aims to investigate the efficacy of a low-glycemic load diet both alone, and in combination with resistance training, to ameliorate endothelial dysfunction, monocyte inflammation and 24-hr glycemic variations. 160 obese young adults will be randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups for 12 weeks: 1) a control high-glycemic load diet; 2) a low- glycemic load diet; 3) a high-glycemic load diet + resistance training; or 4) low-glycemic load diet + resistance training. The aims are to determine if: 1) a low-GL diet improves endothelial function, monocyte inflammation and 24-hr glycemic variations compared to a standard high-glycemic load, Westernized diet and 2) a low-GL diet + RT has an additive effect with low-GL diet to improve endothelial function, monocyte inflammation and 24-hr glycemic variations. Dependent variables include endothelial function by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), monocyte phenotyping by flow cytometry and PCR/protein analysis, 24-hr continuous glucose monitoring systems, insulin sensitivity by frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test, whole body composition by DEXA, visceral and hepatic fat fraction by MRI, and acute responses to a high-glycemic index meal. The hypotheses are that a low-glycemic load diet will improve the above key cardiovascular risk related dependent variables and that the addition of resistance training will induce additive effects. This project will, for the first time, compare the isolated and combined effects of a low-glycemic load diet and/or resistance training on endothelial function, monocyte inflammation and 24-hr glycemic variations. If the hypotheses are upheld, new therapeutic options will become available to improve primary prevention of vascular dysfunction, chronic inflammation and insulin resistance, including in those young adults where alternative therapies may be less effective. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: For the first time, a randomized controlled trial using a low glycemic-load diet and/or resistance training will be carried out in obese young men and women. This efficacy trial should have major public health implications to the tens of millions of Americans currently obese, presenting with less than optimal vascular function, chronic inflammatory status and insulin sensitivity, thus providing insight into novel preventive health strategies. Furthermore, due to individualized specificity of compliance issues for each patient, the arsenal of therapies for prescription needs to be large; the current proposal will potentially increase the range of therapies.

该项目是由迫切的公共卫生需要，以找到最佳的营养和运动预防策略，以减少未来的心血管疾病和2型糖尿病的风险，在年轻的成年人。该项目旨在研究低血糖负荷饮食单独使用以及与阻力训练相结合对改善内皮功能障碍、单核细胞炎症和24小时血糖变化的功效。将160名肥胖的年轻成年人随机分配到4组中的1组，持续12周：1）对照高血糖负荷饮食; 2）低血糖负荷饮食; 3）高血糖负荷饮食+阻力训练;或4）低血糖负荷饮食+阻力训练。目的是确定：1）与标准高血糖负荷西式饮食相比，低GL饮食是否改善了内皮功能、单核细胞炎症和24小时血糖变化; 2）低GL饮食+ RT与低GL饮食在改善内皮功能、单核细胞炎症和24小时血糖变化方面具有累加效应。因变量包括肱动脉血流介导的扩张（FMD）的内皮功能，流式细胞术和PCR/蛋白质分析的单核细胞表型，24小时连续葡萄糖监测系统，频繁采样的静脉内葡萄糖耐量试验的胰岛素敏感性，DEXA的全身组成，MRI的内脏和肝脏脂肪分数，以及对高血糖指数餐的急性反应。假设低血糖负荷饮食将改善上述关键心血管风险相关的因变量，并且增加阻力训练将诱导累加效应。该项目将首次比较低血糖负荷饮食和/或阻力训练对内皮功能、单核细胞炎症和24小时血糖变化的单独和综合影响。如果这些假设得到支持，新的治疗选择将可用于改善血管功能障碍，慢性炎症和胰岛素抵抗的一级预防，包括替代疗法可能不太有效的年轻人。 公共卫生相关性：这是第一次在肥胖的年轻男性和女性中进行使用低血糖负荷饮食和/或阻力训练的随机对照试验。这项疗效试验应该对目前肥胖的数千万美国人具有重大的公共卫生意义，这些人表现出低于最佳的血管功能，慢性炎症状态和胰岛素敏感性，从而为新的预防性健康策略提供见解。此外，由于每个患者依从性问题的个体化特异性，处方治疗的武库需要很大;目前的提案可能会增加治疗的范围。