Modeling the epidemiologic transition: Energy expenditure, obesity and diabetes

流行病学转变建模：能量消耗、肥胖和糖尿病

• 批准号: 8265972
• 负责人: Amy H Luke
• 金额: $ 53.25万
• 依托单位: LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-10 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8265972
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Body Composition; Body Weight; Body fat; Calories; Communities; Country; Data; Desire for food; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Dietary intake; Ecology; Energy Metabolism; Epidemic; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Generations; Glucose; Government; Guidelines; Health; Hormones; Hour; Individual; Insulin; International; Jamaica; Label; Leptin; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Nigeria; Obesity; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Physical activity; Population; Population Study; Prevalence; Prevention Guidelines; Public Health; Questionnaires; Recommendation; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Relative (related person); Request for Applications; Risk; Role; Sampling; Seychelles; Site; Societies; South Africa; Testing; Time; Ursidae Family; Water; Weight; Weight Gain; adiponectin; age related; experience; fasting glucose; follow-up; ghrelin; insulin sensitivity; obesity risk; prevent; response; tool; trend; water sampling

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Populations all over the world are experiencing rapid increases in the prevalence of obesity and diabetes. To date, the public health response to the emerging obesity epidemic has been almost totally ineffective. Professional bodies and governments have issued prevention guidelines, all of which include recommendations on levels of physical activity. However, it is not clear that the current recommendations to increase physical activity would reverse the trend in age-related weight gain. In fact, there is virtually no direct evidence that can be brought to bear on the question of whether the obesity epidemic has resulted primarily or even partially from society-wide declines in habitual physical activity. Our objectives with this project are to examine whether an individuals' amount of activity energy expenditure (AEE) is related to adiposity and adiposity/diabetes-related hormones in a diverse sample of 2500, and to test the ecological hypothesis that a decline in levels of AEE is an important cause of the increases in obesity that are currently taking place in many societies. Our aim is to use doubly labeled water and/or accelerometers to objectively measure activity energy expenditure in community samples from five adult populations across the spectrum of obesity risk. From each site, i.e., Nigeria, South Africa, Seychelles, Jamaica and the US, 500 black adults will be recruited. In all participants, AEE will be measured using accelerometers and in a subset of 75 per site, AEE will also be measured by doubly labeled water. The doubly labeled water sample will be used to confirm site-specific concordance with the accelerometer measurements and to estimate population mean levels of AEE. In addition, body composition, dietary intake, fasting glucose, insulin, adiponectin, leptin and ghrelin will assessed. The relationships between calories expended in activity and body composition, dietary intake, glucose, hormones and adipocytokines, both within and between each population using doubly labeled water and accelerometers will be examined. Weight will be measured at 12 and 24-months and AEE by accelerometer will be assessed again at 2-years of follow-up and associations between change in AEE and change in weight assessed. The central purpose of our proposed project is to test whether AEE or change in AEE can be identified as a contributory mechanism to population- wide weight gain and, if so, to quantify its importance. In addition, we seek to understand the interrelationships between the adipocytokines and the hormones ghrelin and insulin, and EE in the regulation of body weight across the continuum of BMI represented by these five populations. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE Guidelines for the amount of physical activity that might prevent obesity have taken on considerable public health importance. To date, however, measurement of physical activity has been very crude. We propose to conduct a large international study to define the impact of daily activity level on the risk of weight gain and obesity.

描述（由申请人提供）：全世界的人口都在经历肥胖症和糖尿病患病率的快速增长。迄今为止，公共卫生部门对新出现的肥胖流行病的反应几乎完全无效。专业机构和政府已经发布了预防指南，所有这些指南都包括关于身体活动水平的建议。然而，目前还不清楚增加体力活动的建议是否会扭转与年龄相关的体重增加的趋势。事实上，几乎没有直接的证据可以证明肥胖的流行主要还是部分是由于社会范围内习惯性体育活动的减少造成的。我们这个项目的目标是在2500个不同样本中检验个体的活动能量消耗（AEE）是否与肥胖和肥胖/糖尿病相关激素有关，并检验AEE水平的下降是目前许多社会中肥胖增加的重要原因的生态假设。我们的目标是使用双标签水和/或加速度计来客观地测量来自五个肥胖风险范围内的成年人群的社区样本的活动能量消耗。每个地点，即尼日利亚、南非、塞舌尔、牙买加和美国，将招募500名黑人成年人。在所有参与者中，AEE将使用加速度计进行测量，在每个站点的75个子集中，AEE也将通过双标签水进行测量。双重标记的水样将用于确认特定地点与加速度计测量值的一致性，并估计人口平均AEE水平。此外，还将评估身体成分、饮食摄入量、空腹血糖、胰岛素、脂联素、瘦素和胃饥饿素。利用双标记水和加速度计，研究每个人群内部和人群之间，活动中消耗的卡路里与身体成分、饮食摄入、葡萄糖、激素和脂肪细胞因子之间的关系。将在12个月和24个月时测量体重，并在2年随访时再次通过加速度计评估AEE，并评估AEE变化与体重变化之间的关系。我们提议的项目的中心目的是测试AEE或AEE的变化是否可以被确定为人群体重增加的促进机制，如果是，量化其重要性。此外，我们试图了解脂肪细胞因子与激素ghrelin和胰岛素之间的相互关系，以及EE在这五个人群所代表的BMI连续体中对体重的调节。与公共卫生相关的体育活动量指南对预防肥胖具有相当大的公共卫生重要性。然而，迄今为止，对体力活动的测量一直非常粗糙。我们建议进行一项大型的国际研究，以确定日常活动水平对体重增加和肥胖风险的影响。

项目成果

Under-reporting of dietary energy intake in five populations of the African diaspora.

• DOI: 10.1017/s000711451400405x
• 发表时间: 2015-02-14
• 期刊: The British journal of nutrition
• 作者: Orcholski L;Luke A;Plange-Rhule J;Bovet P;Forrester TE;Lambert EV;Dugas LR;Kettmann E;Durazo-Arvizu RA;Cooper RS;Schoeller DA
• 通讯作者: Schoeller DA

Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 (FGF-23) Levels Differ Across Populations by Degree of Industrialization.

成纤维细胞生长因子-23 (FGF-23) 水平因工业化程度而异。

• DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-3558
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
• 作者: Yuen,ShenninN;Kramer,Holly;Luke,Amy;Bovet,Pascal;Plange-Rhule,Jacob;Forrester,Terrence;Lambert,Vicki;Wolf,Myles;Camacho,Pauline;Harders,Regina;Dugas,Lara;Cooper,Richard;Durazo-Arvizu,Ramon
• 通讯作者: Durazo-Arvizu,Ramon

Vitamin D levels are low in adult patients with sickle cell disease in Jamaica and West Africa.

牙买加和西非的成年患者的成年患者的维生素D水平较低。

• DOI: 10.1186/2052-1839-14-12
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: BMC hematology
• 作者: Tayo BO;Akingbola TS;Salako BL;McKenzie CA;Reid M;Layden J;Osunkwo I;Plange-Rhule J;Luke A;Durazo-Arvizu R;Cooper RS
• 通讯作者: Cooper RS

Metabolic acceleration and the evolution of human brain size and life history.

• DOI: 10.1038/nature17654
• 发表时间: 2016-05-19
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Pontzer H;Brown MH;Raichlen DA;Dunsworth H;Hare B;Walker K;Luke A;Dugas LR;Durazo-Arvizu R;Schoeller D;Plange-Rhule J;Bovet P;Forrester TE;Lambert EV;Thompson ME;Shumaker RW;Ross SR
• 通讯作者: Ross SR

Evolution of water conservation in humans

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.02.045
• 发表时间: 2021-04-26
• 期刊: CURRENT BIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 9.2
• 作者: Pontzer, Herman;Brown, Mary H.;Ross, Stephen R.
• 通讯作者: Ross, Stephen R.