Well-being of South African children: Household, community and policy influences

描述(申请人提供)：种族隔离制度结束十年后，南非儿童的福祉仍然处于岌岌可危的状态。该国近70%的非洲黑人儿童生活在年收入低于2000美元的家庭中。接受公共产前服务的孕妇的艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行率超过30%。到2010年，19%的南非儿童将经历单亲或双亲死亡，其中一半死于艾滋病。为应对这场危机，拟议项目的总体目标是对夸祖鲁-纳塔尔60个南非城市和农村社区的6000名7至10岁儿童及其父母/父母代理人进行短期、纵向、多层次的研究。我们提出了三个具体目标。目的1.审查a)一组主要家庭风险因素和一组不良童年经历之间的关系；以及b)不良童年经历的发生和性质与儿童心理社会、健康和教育结果之间的关系。目的2.探讨多水平选取的因素对主要家庭危险因素对儿童不良经历的影响以及儿童不良经历对关键儿童结局的影响程度。目的3.检验一项重大社会政策创新有条件现金转移对家庭和儿童风险因素(直接)和儿童福祉(间接)的影响。这个项目是由美国纽约大学和南非人文科学研究理事会的研究人员与南非政府和世界银行合作完成的。 公共卫生相关性这项研究的结果对公共卫生有两个主要影响。首先，一组结果将表明，有条件的现金转移是否可以改善艾滋病毒/艾滋病高流行社区中南非贫困儿童的健康、教育和福祉。其次，另一组结果可以为设计新的公共卫生和社会政策战略提供信息，以支持受艾滋病影响社区的家庭。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A decade after the end of apartheid, the well-being of South African children is still in a precarious state. Nearly 70% of the nation's Black African children live in households with incomes less than $2000 per year. The HIV/AIDS prevalence rate for pregnant women attending public antenatal services is over 30%. And, by 2010, 19% of South African children will have experienced the death of one or both parents, half due to AIDS. In response to this crisis, the overarching objective of the proposed project is to conduct a short-term, longitudinal, multi-level study of 6000 7- to 10-year-olds and their parents/parent surrogates in 60 urban and rural South African communities in KwaZulu-Natal. We posit three specific aims. AIM 1. Examine the associations between a) a set of major household risk factors and a set of adverse childhood experiences; and between b) the occurrence and nature of adverse childhood experiences and child psychosocial, health and educational outcomes. AIM 2. Explore the degree to which selected factors at multiple levels moderate the influence of major household risk factors on adverse childhood experiences, and adverse childhood experiences on key child outcomes. AIM 3. Test the effects of a major social policy innovation Conditional Cash Transfers on household and childhood risk factors (directly) and children's well-being (indirectly). This project is a collaboration of researchers at New York University in the U.S. and the Human Sciences Research Council in South Africa in cooperation with the South African government and the World Bank. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The results of this study have two main implications for public health. First, one set of results will indicate whether Conditional Cash Transfers can improve the health, education and well-being of poor South African children in high HIV/AIDS prevalence communities. Second, another set of results can inform the design of new public health and social policy strategies to support households in AIDS-affected communities.