Array of Resistive Sensors for Detecting Lung Cancer in Exhaled Air

用于检测呼出空气中肺癌的电阻传感器阵列

• 批准号: 8314276
• 负责人: Katherine Andrea Mirica
• 金额: $ 4.71万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-15 至 2015-03-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8314276
• 关键词: Acetone; Air; Benzene; Binding; Cancer Patient; Canis familiaris; Carbon Nanotubes; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Chemicals; Complex Mixtures; Detection; Development; Devices; Diagnosis; Disease; Disease Progression; Early Diagnosis; Electrodes; Electronics; Exhalation; Goals; Health; Human; Individual; Isoprene; Isopropanol; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Methods; Modification; Monitor; Nanotubes; Non-Invasive Cancer Detection; Nose; Odors; Patients; Pattern; Persons; Positioning Attribute; Research; Research Personnel; Respiration Disorders; Signal Transduction; Smell Perception; Staging; Surface; Survival Rate; Techniques; Technology; Time; Training; breath composition; cost; cost effective; design; improved; lung cancer screening; molecular marker; mortality; receptor; sensor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal describes a simple, portable, and cost-effective technique that detects lung cancer from human breath rapidly and non-invasively. This device is akin to an "electronic nose" that "smells" the characteristic odor of cancer from a person's breath. Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and causes more deaths than any other cancer. Early detection of lung cancer drastically improves the rate of survival of patients (from 15 to 50 % over 5 years). Current methods for diagnosing lung cancer can be cumbersome, invasive, and often detect the disease after a substantial decline in health has occurred. New, robust, and simple methods for detecting lung cancer are necessary for reducing the mortality from this disease. A promising, non-invasive approach for detecting lung cancer relies on examining the chemical composition of exhaled air. Researchers demonstrated that dogs can be trained to recognize lung cancer with 99% accuracy by smelling exhaled air obtained from patients at all stages of the disease. Researchers have also identified specific patterns of chemicals present in exhaled air of lung cancer patients that are distinct from those of healthy humans. A technique capable of correlating the chemical composition of exhaled air with early-stage lung cancer has the potential to improve the rate of survival of patients with thi disease. The goal of this research is to make an array of five sensors for identifying the pattern of five distinct chemicals in human breath. The presence of four of these chemicals will indicate lung cancer and the remaining one will help differentiate lung cancer from other types of respiratory disorders. Each component of an array comprises a bundle of carbon nanotubes-functionalized with receptors designed to capture a specific volatile analyte-positioned between two electrodes. The binding of the analyte to the receptor on the surface of the nanotube alters the conductance across the array of nanotubes; this change in conductance correlates with the amount of volatile analyte in human breath. Ultimately, we hope that this method will be simple, sensitive, and inexpensive enough for early diagnosis of lung cancer, and for routine monitoring of the progress of disease in patients already diagnosed with lung cancer. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Current methods for detecting and diagnosing lung cancer can be invasive, cumbersome, time-consuming, and expensive. The immediate goal of this proposal is to develop a simple, sensitive, portable, and low-cost device for early, non-invasive detection of lung cancer from exhaled air that overcomes the hurdles of current technologies. This device may ultimately find applications in routine screening for lung cancer and can be used to monitor the progression of the disease after initial diagnosis.

描述(由申请人提供)：这项建议描述了一种简单、便携、成本效益高的技术，它可以快速、非侵入性地从人类呼气中检测肺癌。这种设备类似于“电子鼻”，可以从人的呼吸中“闻到”癌症特有的气味。肺癌是世界上最常见的癌症，也是导致死亡人数最多的癌症。肺癌的早期发现极大地提高了患者的存活率(5年内从15%提高到50%)。目前诊断肺癌的方法繁琐，具有侵袭性，通常在健康状况大幅下降后才能检测到。新的、可靠的、简单的肺癌检测方法对于降低肺癌的死亡率是必要的。一种有希望的、非侵入性的肺癌检测方法依赖于检测呼出空气的化学成分。研究人员证明，经过训练，狗可以通过闻到患者在疾病各个阶段呼出的空气来识别肺癌，准确率达到99%。研究人员还确定了肺癌患者呼出空气中存在的特定化学物质模式，这些化学物质与健康人的不同。一项能够将呼出的空气的化学成分与早期肺癌相关联的技术有可能提高这种疾病患者的存活率。这项研究的目标是制造一个由五个传感器组成的阵列来识别图案 人类呼吸中的五种不同的化学物质。其中四种化学物质的存在将表明肺癌，其余一种将有助于将肺癌与其他类型的呼吸系统疾病区分开来。阵列的每个组件都包括位于两个电极之间的一束碳纳米管--功能化的碳纳米管带有旨在捕获特定挥发性分析物的受体。分析物与纳米管表面受体的结合改变了穿过纳米管阵列的电导；这种电导变化与人体呼吸中挥发性分析物的数量有关。最终，我们希望这种方法足够简单、灵敏和廉价，用于肺癌的早期诊断，并用于常规监测已经诊断为肺癌的患者的病情进展。 公共卫生相关性：目前检测和诊断肺癌的方法可能是侵入性的、繁琐的、耗时的和昂贵的。这项提议的直接目标是开发一种简单、灵敏、便携和低成本的设备，用于从呼出的空气中早期、非侵入性地检测肺癌，克服当前技术的障碍。这种设备最终可能会在肺癌的常规筛查中得到应用，并可以在初步诊断后用于监测疾病的进展。