Parenting, Adolescent Self-Regulation, and Risk-Taking Across Cultures

养育子女、青少年自我调节和跨文化冒险

• 批准号: 8296755
• 负责人: Jennifer E Lansford
• 金额: $ 104.35万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8296755
• 关键词: 16 year old; 8 year old; Accidents; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adolescent Development; African; Age; Alcohol consumption; Attitude; Automobiles; Behavior; Behavioral Research; Belief; Biological; Biological Models; Biological Process; Child; China; Chronic Disease; Colombia; Country; Development; Disease; Drug usage; European; Family; Fathers; Funding; Growth; Health; Hispanic Americans; Individual; Individual Differences; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Interview; Italy; Jordan; Kenya; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Morbidity - disease rate; Mothers; Nature; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Phase; Philippines; Prevention; Process; Prospective Studies; Psychological Models; Puberty; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; Rewards; Risk Behaviors; Risk-Taking; Role; Rome; Sampling; Shapes; Socialization; Societies; Specificity; Sweden; Testing; Thailand; United States; Variant; Violence; age group; behavior influence; boys; brain research; computerized; critical period; cultural values; design; girls; information processing; mortality; prevent; psychologic; reward processing; social; substance use prevention; theories; therapy design

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This competing continuation aims to understand how risk-taking develops across adolescence as a function of biological maturation (puberty and age) and socialization (parenting and culture). We have started the largest known prospective study of these processes by recruiting a sample of 1,417 8-year-olds and their mothers and fathers from 13 cultures (Jinan and Shanghai, China; Colombia; Naples and Rome, Italy; Jordan; Kenya; Philippines; Sweden; Thailand; and African, European, and Hispanic Americans in the United States). We have assessed families annually through interviews with mothers, fathers, and children about the parent-child relationship; the child's adjustment; attitudes and beliefs; and cultural values and are currently assessing self- regulation among the children, who are now age 10. During the next period, we will conduct interviews annually with mothers, fathers, and adolescents to assess their relationships and adolescents' risk-taking. We will also assess adolescents' reward-seeking, self-regulation, social information processing, and risk-taking via a computerized battery administered at ages 12, 14, and 16. Our first aim is to test hypotheses regarding the roles of biological maturation and socialization in the development of risk-taking. To the extent that changes in risk-taking during adolescence are biologically driven, one would expect to find comparable developmental trajectories of risk-taking across all cultures. In contrast, to the extent that changes are shaped by parenting and culture, we would expect to find variations in the development of risk-taking that are linked to specific features of parent-child relationships and cultural contexts. Our second aim is to understand psychological mechanisms through which biological maturation, parenting, and culture alter the development of risk-taking. We will test hypotheses that adolescents' reward-seeking, self-regulation, and acquired social information processing patterns mediate the impact of puberty, parenting, and culture on adolescents' risk-taking. Our third aim is to test the hypothesis that formativeness of parenting behaviors and culturally shaped opportunity for risk-taking moderate the relation between parenting and adolescents' risk-taking. We hypothesize that individual differences in adolescent behavior will be predicted by differences in parenting, but also that addictiveness of parenting depends on its cultural formativeness. In addition, we hypothesize that the relation between parenting and any particular form of adolescent risk-taking will be weaker in cultural contexts in which there are few opportunities to engage in that form of risk-taking. This study wil utilize the most culturally diverse and largest sample of young people and their parents ever assembled as an unprecedented opportunity to understand biological, parenting, and cultural processes in the development of adolescent risk-taking. It will inform theories of the nature of adolescent development and will shape interventions to prevent health-compromising and illegal risky behaviors. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: It is widely agreed among experts in the study of adolescent health and development that the greatest threats to the well-being of young people in industrialized societies come from preventable and often self-inflicted causes, including automobile and other accidents, violence, drug and alcohol use, and sexual risk-taking. Although considerable progress has been made in the prevention and treatment of disease and chronic illness among this age group, similar gains have not been made with respect to reducing the morbidity and mortality that result from risky and reckless behavior. This study utilizes the most culturally diverse sample ever assembled to provide an unprecedented opportunity to understand biological, familial, and cultural processes in the development of self-regulation and risk-taking. It will alter theories of adolescent development and will shape interventions to prevent substance use and other risky behaviors.

描述（由申请人提供）：这种竞争性的延续旨在了解风险承担如何在青春期发展，作为生物成熟（青春期和年龄）和社会化（养育和文化）的函数。我们从13个不同的文化背景（中国济南和上海;哥伦比亚;意大利意大利的那不勒斯和罗马;约旦;肯尼亚;菲律宾;瑞典;泰国;以及美国的非洲裔、欧洲裔和西班牙裔美国人）中招募了1,417名8岁儿童及其父母，开始了迄今为止对这些过程的最大规模的前瞻性研究。我们每年都通过与母亲、父亲和孩子的面谈，对家庭进行评估，内容涉及父母与孩子的关系、孩子的适应、态度和信仰以及文化价值观，目前正在评估10岁儿童的自我调节能力。在下一阶段，我们将每年对母亲、父亲和青少年进行访谈，以评估他们的关系和青少年的冒险行为。我们还将评估青少年的奖励寻求，自我调节，社会信息处理，并通过一个计算机化的电池在12岁，14岁和16岁的风险承担。我们的第一个目标是测试假设的生物成熟和社会化的风险承担的发展中的作用。在某种程度上，青春期冒险行为的变化是由生物学驱动的，人们会期望在所有文化中找到类似的冒险行为发展轨迹。相比之下，在某种程度上，变化是由父母和文化塑造的，我们希望找到与特定特征有关的冒险行为的发展变化。 亲子关系和文化背景。我们的第二个目标是了解生理成熟、父母教养和文化改变冒险行为发展的心理机制。我们将检验青少年的奖励寻求、自我调节和获得的社会信息处理模式介导青春期、父母教养和文化对青少年冒险行为的影响的假设。第三个目的是检验父母行为的形成性和文化塑造的冒险机会对父母行为和青少年冒险行为之间的关系有调节作用的假设。我们假设，青少年行为的个体差异将预测的差异，在父母的养育，但也依赖于其文化的形成成瘾性。此外，我们假设，父母和任何特定形式的青少年冒险之间的关系将是较弱的文化背景下，很少有机会参与这种形式的冒险。这项研究将利用最具文化多样性和最大样本的年轻人和他们的父母以往任何时候都组装作为一个前所未有的机会，了解生物，养育和文化过程中的青少年冒险的发展。它将告知青少年发展的性质的理论，并将形成干预措施，以防止损害健康和非法的危险行为。 公共卫生关系：从事青少年健康和发展研究的专家普遍认为，工业化社会中对青年福祉的最大威胁来自可预防的、往往是自己造成的原因，包括汽车和其他事故、暴力、吸毒和酗酒以及性冒险。虽然在预防和治疗这一年龄组的疾病和慢性病方面取得了相当大的进展，但在减少危险和鲁莽行为造成的发病率和死亡率方面没有取得类似的进展。这项研究利用了有史以来最具文化多样性的样本，提供了一个前所未有的机会来了解自我调节和冒险发展中的生物，家庭和文化过程。它将改变青少年发展的理论，并将形成干预措施，以防止物质使用和其他危险行为。