Childhood Risk Factors and Young Adult Competence

童年危险因素和年轻人的能力

• 批准号: 9383104
• 负责人: Jennifer E Lansford
• 金额: $ 93.44万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9383104
• 关键词: 21 year old; 8 year old; Address; Adult; African; Age; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Attitude; Behavior; Belief; Child; Child Rearing; Childhood; China; Colombia; Communication; Competence; Complement; Country; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Development; Discipline; Economic Factors; Education; Etiology; European; Family; Fathers; Friends; Funding; Future; Goals; Health; Hispanic Americans; Human Development; Impulsivity; Informal Social Control; International; Intervention; Interview; Italy; Jordan; Kenya; Knowledge; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Mainstreaming; Marriage; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Modeling; Mothers; North America; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Participant; Philippines; Policies; Population Heterogeneity; Prevalence; Process; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Recruitment Activity; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Role; Rome; Sampling; Shapes; Sweden; Testing; Thailand; Uncertainty; United States; Western Europe; Work; child bearing; college; computerized; cultural values; design; high risk sexual behavior; improved; information processing; physical abuse; population health; psychologic; sex; social; social skills; theories; young adult

Project Summary Using the most diverse, prospectively studied, multi-national sample to date, this study will generate empirical findings to develop a model of child- and family-level mediators and culture-level moderators of the role of childhood risk factors and young adult competence and maladaptation. Cross-cultural comparisons will inform domestic models of young adult maladaptation. The proposed research builds on the ongoing Parenting Across Cultures longitudinal study that began in 2008 with recruitment of a sample of 1,417 8-year-old children and their mothers and fathers from 9 countries (China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States). We have since assessed families annually through interviews with mothers, fathers, and children about the parent-child relationship, the child’s adjustment, attitudes and beliefs, and cultural values, with 90% retention of the original sample. During the next project period, the original child participants will be 17 to 21 years old, a crucial period for understanding family and cultural influences on decisions, risks, competencies, and opportunities. We will conduct interviews annually with young adults, their parents, and a friend to assess health-compromising and risky behaviors as well as competencies in important domains of education, work, and intimate partnerships. We address three aims: (1) We will test the hypothesis that parenting influences on impulsive risky behaviors are indeed universal, but only when the construct of “risky behaviors” is identified in a culturally specific way. We will create profiles of health-compromising and risky behaviors during the transition to adulthood that are situated in cultural contexts that vary widely with respect to economic factors, norms about the acceptability of different behaviors, and opportunities for engaging in risky behaviors. (2) We will test the hypothesis that cultural contexts moderate associations between early parenting factors and the development of both competence and maladaptation during the transition to adulthood. (3) We will use empirical findings to develop a broad model of child-level and family-level mediators of links between childhood risk factors and young-adult competence and maladaptation. Addressing these three aims in the most diverse, prospectively studied, multi-national sample to date will have major public health implications because this knowledge will inform scientific understanding of the etiology of health-compromising and risky behaviors during the transition to adulthood. This new understanding will inform intervention practices to improve population health and well-being.

项目摘要 使用迄今为止最多样化、前瞻性研究的多国样本，这项研究将产生经验性的 研究结果：建立儿童和家庭一级调解人和文化一级调解人的模式 儿童时期的危险因素与青年的能力和适应不良。跨文化比较将告诉我们 青少年适应不良的国内模型。这项拟议的研究建立在正在进行的 文化纵向研究始于2008年，招募了1,417名8岁儿童和他们的 来自9个国家的父母(中国、哥伦比亚、意大利、约旦、肯尼亚、菲律宾、瑞典、泰国、 和美国)。自那以后，我们每年通过采访母亲、父亲和 关于亲子关系，孩子的适应，态度和信仰，以及文化价值观， 90%的原始样品保留率。在下一个项目期间，最初的儿童参与者将在17岁到 21岁，是了解家庭和文化对决策、风险、能力、 和机遇。我们将每年与年轻人、他们的父母和一位朋友进行面谈，以评估 危害健康和危险的行为以及教育、工作和教育等重要领域的能力 亲密的伙伴关系。 我们提出了三个目标：(1)我们将检验父母教养方式对冲动危险行为的影响的假设 确实是普遍的，但只有当“危险行为”的概念以一种特定于文化的方式被识别时。我们 将创建在过渡到成年期间危害健康和危险的行为的概况 在经济因素差异很大的文化背景下，关于不同因素的可接受性的规范 行为和从事危险行为的机会。(2)我们将检验文化的假设 早期父母养育因素与能力和能力发展之间的适度关联 在向成年期过渡期间的适应不良。(3)我们将使用经验研究结果来开发一个广泛的模型 儿童风险因素与青壮年能力之间联系的儿童和家庭层面的中介变量 和适应不良。在最具多样性、前瞻性研究、多国合作的 到目前为止，样本将具有重大的公共卫生影响，因为这种知识将使科学 了解成人过渡期间危害健康和危险行为的病因。这 新的理解将为改善人口健康和福祉的干预做法提供信息。