Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Neurons in Behaving Primates

经颅磁刺激对行为灵长类动物神经元的影响

基本信息

批准号：
8285060
负责人：
Marc A Sommer
金额：
$ 25.2万
依托单位：
DUKE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-07-01 至 2014-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8285060
关键词：
Action Potentials Affect Area Axon Basic Science Behavior Behavioral Biomedical Engineering Brain Cerebral cortex Cerebrum Cognition Complement Custom Data Distant Electronics Felis catus Generations Goals Head Human Interneurons Knowledge Laboratories Lateral Location Magnetism Maps Measures Mental disorders Methods Modeling Monkeys Morphologic artifacts Movement Neurologic Neurons Outcome Photic Stimulation Physiologic pulse Physiological Primates Protocols documentation Pyramidal Cells Research Personnel Rest Risk Sensory Process Series Site Techniques Testing Therapeutic Therapeutic Intervention Time Transcranial magnetic stimulation Variant Vision Visual Work area V1 area striata awake base design frontal eye fields hippocampal pyramidal neuron improved in vivo innovation magnetic field motor disorder nervous system disorder neuronal cell body neurophysiology nonhuman primate oculomotor research study tool visual control

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive method for stimulating the human brain. It has contributed greatly to our understanding of normal brain function and shows promise in therapies for psychiatric and neurological disorders. Exactly what TMS does to neuronal activity, however, remains unknown. We will apply single pulses of TMS while recording from single neurons in behaving non-human primates. Our TMS methods will correspond to those used in humans and will be easily adoptable by any primate neurophysiology laboratory. A team of researchers will design custom TMS coils to direct the focus of stimulation to precise locations of cerebral cortex, innovative electronics to permit neuronal recordings within 1 ms after TMS pulses, and controlled visual- oculomotor tasks to allow systematic variation of behavioral and thus neuronal state. We will record from single neurons and field potentials at both the site of stimulation and at distant but monosynaptically connected sites. The end result of our work will be to discover how TMS influences the brain at the level of single neurons and simple circuits. Implications will include improved, physiologically-guided TMS protocols for human basic research studies and therapeutic applications. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Non-invasive stimulation of the human brain using magnetic pulses near the head ("transcranial magnetic stimulation" or TMS) is a valuable tool for studying vision, cognition, and movement, but exactly how TMS affects brain activity is an open question. The proposed work will answer this question by recording from single neurons in the brains of behaving primates during TMS. The project is a technical challenge but its feasibility has been confirmed, its inherent risks will be managed by a team of wide-ranging experts, and its end result will be transformative: data on the physiological mechanisms of TMS will improve basic research on the human brain and help clinicians fulfill the promise of TMS as an effective therapeutic intervention.

描述（由申请人提供）：经颅磁刺激（TMS）是一种刺激人脑的无创方法。它为我们对正常脑功能的理解做出了巨大贡献，并显示了精神病和神经系统疾病的疗法的希望。然而，TMS对神经元活动所做的事情仍然未知。我们将在表现非人类灵长类动物中记录单个神经元的同时应用TMS的单个脉冲。我们的TMS方法将与人类使用的方法相对应，并将很容易被任何灵长类动物的神经生理学实验室采用。一组研究人员将设计自定义的TMS线圈，以将刺激的重点引向脑皮质的精确位置，创新的电子设备，以允许在TMS脉冲后1 ms之内进行神经元记录以及受控视觉动力学任务，从而使行为变化允许系统变化。我们将从刺激部位和遥远但单突连接的位点的单个神经元和现场电位记录。我们工作的最终结果将是发现TMS如何在单个神经元和简单电路水平上影响大脑。含义将包括改进人类基础研究和治疗应用的生理引导的TMS方案。公共卫生相关性：使用头部附近的磁性脉冲（“经颅磁刺激”或TMS）对人脑的无创刺激是研究视觉，认知和运动的宝贵工具，但是TMS准确地影响大脑活动是一个悬而未决的问题。拟议的工作将通过记录TMS期间行为灵长类动物大脑中的单个神经元的单个神经元来回答这个问题。该项目是一个技术挑战，但已确认其可行性，其固有的风险将由一个广泛的专家团队管理，其最终结果将具有变革性：TMS的生理机制的数据将改善人类大脑的基础研究，并帮助临床医生履行TMS的承诺，以作为有效的治疗干预措施。