Neural systems for the dynamic use of memory

项目6.项目摘要/摘要 乔尔·沃斯博士是一位致力于一项研究的认知神经学家，他提出了一份职业发展计划 研究记忆的大脑底物，以及由于各种病理状态导致的记忆衰退。Dr。 尼尔·科恩，伊利诺伊大学贝克曼高级科学技术研究所 Urbana-Champaign将指导申请者。科恩博士是研究记忆的神经基础的著名学者。 并有培养成功研究人员的长期记录，贝克曼研究所提供了丰富的 认知神经科学训练的环境。此外，两位著名的记忆研究人员将 为申请者的科学发展做出贡献，包括加州大学的马克·德斯波西托博士 加州大学伯克利分校和爱荷华大学医学院的丹尼尔·特拉内尔博士。沃斯博士的培训 将包括开发多种方法的专业知识，以确定认知的大脑基础 和行为。培训将包括测量大脑活动的非侵入性方法以及对 局灶性脑损伤患者的认知功能障碍及暂时性神经功能障碍的影响 在健康的个体中进行处理。培训还包括研究衰老对记忆和使用的影响 计算机模拟环境，用于研究现实环境中的认知。拟议的研究 该计划旨在发现协调神经系统如何通过战略性地优化学习和记忆 为满足特定学习环境的需求而分配资源。这一过程取决于 在执行功能、注意力和记忆的交汇处，并被 瞄准这三个认知域的大脑底物，如阿尔茨海默病、精神分裂症、 ADD/ADHD和自闭症。这项研究还试图开发出可供老年人使用的最佳策略 个人对抗普遍存在的与年龄相关的记忆力下降的挑战，这几乎影响到 由于正常衰老而导致的个体。拟议的研究具有明显的临床相关性，涉及到 修复老年人的记忆缺陷，并与理解 病理影响执行功能、注意力和记忆的机制。

Item 6. Project Summary/Abstract A career development plan is proposed for Dr. Joel Voss, a cognitive neuroscientist committed to a research career studying the brain substrates of memory and memory decline due to various pathological states. Dr. Neal Cohen at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign will mentor the applicant. Dr. Cohen is an eminent scholar of the neural basis of memory and has a long record of training successful researchers, and the Beckman Institute provides a rich environment for cognitive neuroscience training. Furthermore, two renowned memory researchers will contribute to the scientific development of the applicant, including Dr. Mark D'Esposito at the University of California at Berkeley and Dr. Daniel Tranel at the University of Iowa College of Medicine. Dr. Voss' training will include developing expertise with multi-methods approaches to identifying the brain substrates of cognition and behavior. Training will involve noninvasive methods for measuring brain activity as well as the study of cognitive impairments in patients with focal brain damage and the effects of temporary disruption of neural processing in healthy individuals. Training will also involve studying the effects of aging on memory and using computer-simulated environments to study cognition in realistic circumstances. The proposed research program aims to discover how coordinated neural systems optimize learning and memory by strategically allocating resources in order to meet the demands of a particular learning situation. This process depends upon the confluence of executive function, attention, and memory, and is disrupted by pathological events that target the brain substrates of these three cognitive domains, such as Alzheimer's disease, Schizophrenia, ADD/ADHD, and autism. The research also seeks to develop optimal strategies that can be used by older individuals to combat the pervasive challenge of age-related memory decline, which affects almost every individual as a result of normal aging. The proposed research has transparent clinical relevance with regard to remediation of the memory deficits of older individuals and broad relevance with regard to understanding the mechanisms of pathological effects on executive function, attention, and memory.