Neural systems for the dynamic use of memory

项目6.项目概要/摘要 乔尔·沃斯博士是一位认知神经科学家，致力于一项研究， 职业生涯研究大脑基质的记忆和记忆衰退，由于各种病理状态。博士 伊利诺伊大学贝克曼高级科学技术研究所的尼尔·科恩说， Urbana-Champaign将指导申请人。科恩博士是研究记忆的神经基础的著名学者 贝克曼研究所在培养成功的研究人员方面有着悠久的历史， 认知神经科学训练的环境。此外，两位著名的记忆研究者将 为申请人的科学发展做出贡献，包括牛津大学的Mark D 'Esposito博士 伯克利的加州和爱荷华州医学院的丹尼尔特拉内尔博士。沃斯医生的训练 将包括发展多方法方法的专业知识，以确定认知的大脑基质 和行为。培训将包括测量大脑活动的非侵入性方法以及对大脑活动的研究。 局灶性脑损伤患者的认知障碍和暂时性神经功能中断的影响 在健康的个体中加工。培训还将包括研究衰老对记忆力的影响， 计算机模拟环境来研究现实环境中的认知。拟议研究 该计划旨在发现协调的神经系统如何通过战略性地优化学习和记忆， 分配资源以满足特定学习环境的需求。这个过程取决 在执行功能、注意力和记忆力汇合时， 针对这三个认知领域的大脑基质，如阿尔茨海默病，精神分裂症， ADD/ADHD和自闭症。该研究还寻求开发老年人可以使用的最佳策略 个人对抗与年龄相关的记忆衰退的普遍挑战，这几乎影响到每一个人。 是正常衰老的结果。拟议的研究在以下方面具有明显的临床相关性： 补救老年人的记忆缺陷和广泛的相关性， 对执行功能、注意力和记忆力的病理影响机制。

Item 6. Project Summary/Abstract A career development plan is proposed for Dr. Joel Voss, a cognitive neuroscientist committed to a research career studying the brain substrates of memory and memory decline due to various pathological states. Dr. Neal Cohen at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign will mentor the applicant. Dr. Cohen is an eminent scholar of the neural basis of memory and has a long record of training successful researchers, and the Beckman Institute provides a rich environment for cognitive neuroscience training. Furthermore, two renowned memory researchers will contribute to the scientific development of the applicant, including Dr. Mark D'Esposito at the University of California at Berkeley and Dr. Daniel Tranel at the University of Iowa College of Medicine. Dr. Voss' training will include developing expertise with multi-methods approaches to identifying the brain substrates of cognition and behavior. Training will involve noninvasive methods for measuring brain activity as well as the study of cognitive impairments in patients with focal brain damage and the effects of temporary disruption of neural processing in healthy individuals. Training will also involve studying the effects of aging on memory and using computer-simulated environments to study cognition in realistic circumstances. The proposed research program aims to discover how coordinated neural systems optimize learning and memory by strategically allocating resources in order to meet the demands of a particular learning situation. This process depends upon the confluence of executive function, attention, and memory, and is disrupted by pathological events that target the brain substrates of these three cognitive domains, such as Alzheimer's disease, Schizophrenia, ADD/ADHD, and autism. The research also seeks to develop optimal strategies that can be used by older individuals to combat the pervasive challenge of age-related memory decline, which affects almost every individual as a result of normal aging. The proposed research has transparent clinical relevance with regard to remediation of the memory deficits of older individuals and broad relevance with regard to understanding the mechanisms of pathological effects on executive function, attention, and memory.