RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ASSOCIATED SYMPTOMS IN AUTISM

整个UW ACE主题集中在风险，风险过程， 自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的症状出现和适应。根据这一模式，早期 孤独症风险因素（遗传/家庭和环境）导致风险过程，即， 儿童与其环境之间的相互作用，这种相互作用导致儿童的 神经回路和非典型行为这个项目研究了遗传和儿童之间的相互作用 表型危险因素和家庭过程在决定自闭症的结果。将检查结果 不仅在核心症状方面，而且在相关症状方面，包括重复和 刻板行为、多动、外化和内化行为。这些相关联 症状对儿童和家庭都有重大影响，是治疗的共同重点。 干预措施。因此，迫切需要进行纵向研究，以确定风险和保护措施。 与相关症状发展相关的因素。项目五包括两个纵向后续行动， 自闭症儿童的研究，以解决两个广泛的目标。首先，在一项前瞻性纵向队列研究中， 儿童谁是过渡到青春期，我们将调查的作用，遗传，儿童表型， 家庭风险和保护因素在相关症状的发展。其次，在一个年轻的纵向 队列，我们将进行一项随机对照试验的随访研究， 干预，以检查对核心和相关症状的长期影响。我们将测试 关于长期效应的潜在调节剂和介导剂的假设。该提案直接 解决了NIH自闭症研究矩阵中概述的目标，包括对干预措施的评估。 战略和早期干预的后续行动。确定与下列因素有关的风险和保护因素： 长期结果，包括相关症状的发展，将产生重要的见解， 自闭症，并将告知受影响儿童和家庭的治疗干预的关键目标。

The overall UW ACE theme centers on a comprehensive developmental model of risk, risk processes, symptom emergence, and adaptation in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). According to this model, early autism risk factors (genetic/familial and environmental) lead to risk processes, namely, altered patterns of interaction between the child and his/her environment, which contribute to the abnormal development of neural circuitry and atypical behaviors. This project examines the interaction between genetic and child phenotypic risk factors and family processes in determining outcome in autism. Outcome will be examined not only in terms of core symptoms, but also in terms of associated symptoms, including repetitive and stereotyped behaviors, hyperactivity, and externalizing and internalizing behaviors. These associated symptoms have a significant impact on both the child and family, and are a common focus of therapeutic interventions. As such, there is a pressing need for longitudinal studies to determine risk and protective factors related to the development of associated symptoms. Project V incorporates two longitudinal follow-up studies of children with ASD to address two broad aims. First, in a prospective longitudinal cohort study of children who are transitioning into adolescence, we will investigate the role of genetic, child phenotypic, and family risk and protective factors in development of associated symptoms. Second, in a younger longitudinal cohort, we will conduct a follow-up study of a randomized, controlled trial of early intensive behavioral intervention to examine the long term effects on both core and associated symptoms. We will test hypotheses regarding potential moderators and mediators of long term effects. This proposal directly addresses goals outlined in the NIH Autism Research Matrix, including the evaluation of intervention strategies and the follow-up of early intervention. The identification of risk and protective factors related to long term outcome, including the development of associated symptoms, will yield important insights into autism, and will inform the critical targets for therapeutic intervention for affected children and families.