Temperamental Emotionality in Preschoolers and Depression Risk

学龄前儿童的气质情绪和抑郁风险

• 批准号: 8476122
• 负责人: Daniel N Klein
• 金额: $ 15.49万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2014-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8476122
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Age; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Attention; Behavioral; Child; Childhood; Communities; Complex; Data; Depressive disorder; Development; Developmental Process; Disease; Distal; Early identification; Early treatment; Emotional; Emotions; Exhibits; Female; Foundations; Gender; Genetic; Genetic Risk; Goals; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamic structure; Incidence; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Major Depressive Disorder; Maps; Mediating; Memory; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Morbidity - disease rate; National Institute of Mental Health; Neurobiology; Outcome; Parents; Pathway interactions; Performance; Phase; Pituitary Gland; Preventive Intervention; Process; Prospective Studies; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Sex Characteristics; Sex Functioning; Staging; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; Symptoms; Temperament; Testing; Time; Waxes; Work; base; childhood anxiety; clinically significant; depressive symptoms; early childhood; economic cost; emerging adult; experience; follow-up; genetic risk factor; high risk; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; indexing; male; mortality; prevent; psychosocial; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; sex; trait; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of this project is to identify early temperamental/emotional precursors of major depressive disorder (MDD) and to trace the pathways from early temperamental emotionality to the development of MDD in order to provide a basis for the early identification of children at risk and for understanding how and when to intervene to prevent the onset or escalation of the disorder. This is a continuation of a longitudinal study of a large community sample of children (N = 559) who completed intensive assessments at ages 3 and 6, and whom we seek to re-evaluate at age 9. The goal of the current proposal is to map the pathways from early low positive emotionality (PE) and high negative emotionality (NE) to a set of intermediate outcomes in middle childhood that may serve as more proximal risk factors that set the stage for, and mediate, the surge in depressive disorders expected in adolescence and young adulthood. We hypothesize that low PE and high NE in early childhood will predict abnormalities in three important domains in middle childhood that may constitute intermediate outcomes on pathways to the development of MDD: (1) abnormalities in the processing of emotional information, assessed using behavioral and electrocortical laboratory paradigms; (2) one form of limbic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation - elevated morning cortisol levels; and (3) subclinical depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms/disorders. In addition, we will explore whether these intermediate outcomes differ as a function of sex and are associated with individual differences in the early phase of pubertal maturation (adrenarche). Finally, we will test the hypothesis that associations of early genetic and familial risk factors with emotional processing biases, elevated morning cortisol, and depressive and anxiety symptoms in middle childhood are mediated by early temperamental emotionality. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The depressive disorders are highly prevalent and associated with significant mortality, morbidity, and economic costs. This project seeks to identify early behavioral precursors/risk factors for depression and understand the neurobiological and psychosocial processes through which these early manifestations develop into clinically significant disorders. This will contribute to understanding when and how to intervene in order to prevent the disorder and/or its progression.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的长期目标是识别重度抑郁症（MDD）的早期气质/情绪前兆，并追踪从早期气质情绪到MDD发展的途径，以便为早期识别风险儿童提供基础，并了解如何以及何时进行干预以预防疾病的发作或升级。这是一个大的社区样本的儿童（N = 559）谁完成了密集的评估，在3岁和6岁的纵向研究的延续，我们寻求重新评估在9岁。当前提案的目标是绘制从早期低积极情绪性（PE）和高消极情绪性（NE）到童年中期一组中间结果的路径，这些中间结果可能作为更接近的风险因素，为青少年和青年期预期的抑郁症激增奠定基础并进行调解。 我们假设儿童早期PE低和NE高可以预测儿童中期三个重要领域的异常，这些领域可能构成MDD发展途径的中间结果：（1）情绪信息处理异常，使用行为和皮质电实验室范式进行评估;（2）边缘系统下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴失调的一种形式-早晨皮质醇水平升高;和（3）亚临床抑郁症状和焦虑症状/障碍。此外，我们将探讨这些中间结果是否不同的性别功能，并与青春期成熟（肾上腺初显）的早期阶段的个体差异。最后，我们将检验这一假设，即早期遗传和家族危险因素与情绪处理偏差、早晨皮质醇升高以及童年中期抑郁和焦虑症状的关联是由早期气质性情绪性介导的。 公共卫生相关性：抑郁症非常普遍，与显著的死亡率、发病率和经济成本相关。该项目旨在确定抑郁症的早期行为前兆/风险因素，并了解这些早期表现发展为临床显著疾病的神经生物学和心理社会过程。这将有助于了解何时以及如何进行干预，以防止疾病和/或其进展。